[摘要] 目的 探討反饋加強(qiáng)化式健康教育路徑在全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換患者中的應(yīng)用效果。 方法 選取2016年9月～2017年8月在北京潞河醫(yī)院骨關(guān)節(jié)科行全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的患者140例作為研究對(duì)象，采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為觀察組和對(duì)照組，每組各70例。對(duì)照組住院期間接受傳統(tǒng)灌輸式健康教育，觀察組采用反饋加強(qiáng)化式健康教育路徑進(jìn)行健康宣教，比較兩組患者入院宣教前、入院宣教后、術(shù)前宣教后、術(shù)后宣教后及出院指導(dǎo)2周后疾病相關(guān)知識(shí)掌握情況，比較兩組患者對(duì)健康教育的依從性及對(duì)護(hù)理工作的滿意度。 結(jié)果 入院宣教前兩組患者疾病相關(guān)知識(shí)掌握情況比較，差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P > 0.05）。入院宣教后、術(shù)前宣教后、術(shù)后宣教后及出院指導(dǎo)2周后，觀察組疾病相關(guān)知識(shí)掌握情況均明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。觀察組患者術(shù)后依從性及護(hù)理滿意度均明顯高于對(duì)照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。 結(jié)論 反饋加強(qiáng)化式健康教育路徑在全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換患者中應(yīng)用效果好，值得臨床推廣使用。
　　[關(guān)鍵詞] 反饋式；強(qiáng)化式；健康教育路徑；全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)
　　[中圖分類號(hào)] R473.3 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210（2018）02（c）-0153-05
　　Application of feedback and inten sive health education pathway in patients with total knee arthroplasty
　　ZHANG Guiran GAO Li ZHANG Li
　　Bone and Joint Surgery Department， Luhe Hospital， Capital University of Medical Sciences， Beiiing 101149， China
　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of feedback and intensive health education pathway in patients with total knee arthroplasty. Methods From September 2016 to August 2017， 140 patients with total knee arthroplasty in the Bone and Joint Surgery Department of Beijing Luhe Hospital were selected as the research subjects and divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table， with 70 cases in each group. The control group was given traditional indoctrination education and the observation group was given feedback and intensive health education. The education effect before and after admission， pre-operation， post-operation and 2 weeks after discharge were compared between the two groups. The compliance and the nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the effect of education between the two groups before admission （P > 0.05）. After admission， pre-operation， post-operation and 2 weeks after discharge， the education effects in the observation group were better than those of control group， with statistically significant differences （P < 0.05）. The compliance and the nursing satisfaction in the observation group were higher than those of control group， with statistically significant differences （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The effect of feedback and intensive health education in patients with total knee arthroplasty is good. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
　　[Key words] Feedback； Intensive； Health education pathway； Total knee arthroplasty
　　人工全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)（total knee arthroplasty，TKA）是緩解嚴(yán)重骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎、類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎等引起的關(guān)節(jié)劇烈疼痛，糾正關(guān)節(jié)畸形，改善膝關(guān)節(jié)功能的有效治療手段[1]。手術(shù)的成功不僅取決于醫(yī)師們精湛的手術(shù)技術(shù)，還與科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)、規(guī)范圍術(shù)期健康教育有著密不可分的聯(lián)系。健康教育是一項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效的干預(yù)措施，是整體護(hù)理的重要組成部分，是現(xiàn)代醫(yī)院為滿足患者的健康需求而賦予護(hù)士的重要職能，對(duì)于預(yù)防疾病，促進(jìn)健康和提高患者的生活質(zhì)量具有積極的作用。健康教育路徑是為了滿足患者住院期間對(duì)健康教育的需求而制訂的健康教育路徑表，它能夠指導(dǎo)護(hù)士有預(yù)見(jiàn)性地、主動(dòng)地進(jìn)行有關(guān)護(hù)理工作，同時(shí)也使患者自覺(jué)參與到護(hù)理過(guò)程中來(lái)，提高患者的滿意度[2]。目前臨床健康教育的覆蓋率已經(jīng)達(dá)到100%，而患者對(duì)健康知識(shí)的知曉率不足60%，健康教育趨于形式化，缺乏統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，效果并不理想[3]，嚴(yán)重影響整體護(hù)理的深入發(fā)展。許多醫(yī)護(hù)人員在對(duì)患者進(jìn)行健康教育時(shí)尚未理解健康教育與衛(wèi)生宣教的區(qū)別，側(cè)重單向傳播健康知識(shí)，不注重信息的反饋和效果，不注重健康教育對(duì)象是否有行為上的改變，致使患者對(duì)健康教育的內(nèi)容和深度無(wú)法及時(shí)了解透徹，對(duì)可能存在的問(wèn)題和疑惑無(wú)法得到及時(shí)的解答，從而加重了患者的心理負(fù)擔(dān)[4]。為此，北京潞河醫(yī)院骨關(guān)節(jié)科特為行全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的患者制訂了反饋加強(qiáng)化式健康教育路徑，取得了滿意的效果�，F(xiàn)報(bào)道如下：

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：膝關(guān)節(jié) 置換 健康教育 路徑 患者