陳偉(共青團(tuán)山東省委書記) 　　 　　山東有著深厚的民族文化底蘊(yùn)和光榮的革命傳統(tǒng)，青少年德育資源十分豐富，利用這些資源加大對未成年人的教育力度是目前的一項(xiàng)重要工作。
　　理想信念教育是未成年人思想道德建設(shè)的核心。共青團(tuán)組織要通過中學(xué)生團(tuán)校和業(yè)余黨校，用“三個(gè)代表”重要思想武裝中學(xué)生頭腦，對中學(xué)生團(tuán)員進(jìn)行廣泛的先進(jìn)性教育。要通過開展隊(duì)旗、隊(duì)徽、隊(duì)禮、入隊(duì)儀式教育和主題隊(duì)會(huì)等形式，培養(yǎng)少先隊(duì)員的光榮感和使命感，從小樹立遠(yuǎn)大理想。
　　廣泛開展道德實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，充分利用傳統(tǒng)節(jié)慶日開展團(tuán)隊(duì)活動(dòng)，定期組織團(tuán)員、少先隊(duì)員到各類紀(jì)念館、烈士陵園等愛國主義教育基地參觀，接受愛國主義和社會(huì)主義教育。
　　積極推進(jìn)青少年文化建設(shè)。要繼續(xù)實(shí)施中國青少年新世紀(jì)讀書計(jì)劃和齊魯青少年經(jīng)典古詩詞誦讀工程，積極開展“青春中華”文化周、青少年文化節(jié)等主題讀書活動(dòng)。要在建設(shè)豐富的文化陣地、生產(chǎn)優(yōu)秀的文化產(chǎn)品、營造良好的文化環(huán)境上下工夫，堅(jiān)持每年向廣大未成年人推薦200本優(yōu)秀圖書和其它影視、音像產(chǎn)品，努力滿足未成年人的精神文化需求。
　　切實(shí)維護(hù)青少年合法權(quán)益。加大《未成年人保護(hù)法》、《預(yù)防未成年人犯罪法》和《山東省未成年人保護(hù)條例》的宣傳，增強(qiáng)未成年人的法律意識和自律自護(hù)能力。進(jìn)一步深化創(chuàng)建優(yōu)秀青少年維權(quán)崗活動(dòng)，逐步建立健全預(yù)防青少年違法犯罪的工作機(jī)制。深入開展青少年違法犯罪社區(qū)預(yù)防計(jì)劃、青少年網(wǎng)絡(luò)文明行動(dòng)、預(yù)防艾滋病“青春紅絲帶”行動(dòng)和社區(qū)青少年遠(yuǎn)離毒品等活動(dòng)，為未成年人健康成長創(chuàng)造良好的社會(huì)環(huán)境。
　　
　　陳光華（山東省教育廳副廳長）
　　
　　在文化教育的同時(shí)滲透思想道德教育，培養(yǎng)素質(zhì)全面的人才。首先是增強(qiáng)愛國情感，弘揚(yáng)和培育偉大民族精神，繼承傳統(tǒng)美德，打造中小學(xué)生誠信品質(zhì)。結(jié)合中小學(xué)德育工作實(shí)際，通過制定學(xué)科滲透制度、研究性學(xué)習(xí)課題必選制度、校園文化建設(shè)制度、校外基地參觀制度、影視文化教育制度、傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日制度、讀書教育制度、德育科研制度等確保弘揚(yáng)和培育民族精神、繼承傳統(tǒng)美德教育落到實(shí)處。
　　其次，開展養(yǎng)成教育，促進(jìn)中小學(xué)生良好行為習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成。在教育當(dāng)中切實(shí)執(zhí)行中小學(xué)生日常行為規(guī)范，通過學(xué)生評比，讓他們在日常行為方面互相學(xué)習(xí)，督促他們遵守行為規(guī)范，養(yǎng)成良好的行為習(xí)慣，提高道德素養(yǎng)。
　　再次，切實(shí)發(fā)揮好學(xué)校主渠道、主陣地、主課堂的作用。加強(qiáng)教材建設(shè)和課程建設(shè)，充分利用基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革的平臺，改革課程設(shè)置、教材和教學(xué)方法，進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)中小學(xué)思想品德、思想政治課的改進(jìn)和建設(shè)，深入研究學(xué)生思想品德形成的規(guī)律和特點(diǎn)，把愛國主義教育、革命傳統(tǒng)教育、中華傳統(tǒng)美德教育和民主法制教育體現(xiàn)在課程和教材之中，構(gòu)建符合時(shí)代要求的、具有山東特色的學(xué)校德育課程體系，把學(xué)生思想道德教育貫穿和滲透在課程改革、課堂教學(xué)的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。
　　
　　孟海蘭（山東師范大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授）
　　
　　現(xiàn)在未成年人的思想道德處在一個(gè)比較混亂的階段。學(xué)校和家長往往把孩子的學(xué)習(xí)放在首位，而把思想道德教育放在了很次要的位置，結(jié)果孩子形成了一些不良的習(xí)慣。問題出現(xiàn)以后，學(xué)校和家長才引起重視，但一時(shí)又感覺無從下手，不知道該怎樣來解決孩子思想道德方面的問題。
　　其實(shí)，出現(xiàn)這種情況的一個(gè)主要原因是成年人思想上的一個(gè)誤導(dǎo)。出于讓孩子將來在社會(huì)上能立得住腳，老師和家長強(qiáng)迫似地要求孩子去學(xué)習(xí)知識和技能，而很少關(guān)心孩子的思想特別是道德方面的素質(zhì)。有的家長認(rèn)為孩子過于老實(shí)會(huì)影響他們以后的成長，于是就教育孩子要學(xué)會(huì)“厲害”，對其他的孩子不能忍讓，結(jié)果形成孩子的自私自利思想。
　　加強(qiáng)思想道德教育和加強(qiáng)文化知識教育并不矛盾。從品質(zhì)教育入手，可以使學(xué)生明白自己學(xué)習(xí)的最終目的是為了能夠適應(yīng)社會(huì)、促進(jìn)社會(huì)的發(fā)展，才有更大的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力，學(xué)到的知識才能對社會(huì)起到應(yīng)有的作用，這將使他們受益終生。否則，如果沒有正確的思想指導(dǎo)，知識越多對社會(huì)的危害可能越大。
　　思想道德教育要從孩子的身邊做起，不能動(dòng)輒就空洞地要求孩子們愛祖國、愛人民，首先要他們學(xué)會(huì)愛自己、愛別人，才能樹立生活的信心，享受生活的樂趣，就不會(huì)因?yàn)橐稽c(diǎn)點(diǎn)挫折就一蹶不振，也不會(huì)因?yàn)閯e人沒有滿足自己的要求就耿耿于懷。另外，思想道德教育不能硬性地統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，要采取靈活多樣的方式，針對每一個(gè)未成年人的思想實(shí)際來因勢利導(dǎo)。
　　
　　楊曉揚(yáng)（濟(jì)南市育英中學(xué)教師）
　　
　　中學(xué)階段是孩子們心理最復(fù)雜的一個(gè)時(shí)期，他們開始獨(dú)立地認(rèn)知社會(huì)，社會(huì)中的一些矛盾和問題會(huì)不同程度地沖擊他們個(gè)人的思想。另外，外界的干擾很多，社會(huì)的陰暗面、大人的不良行為、暴力電影、網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲等都會(huì)導(dǎo)致中學(xué)生去模仿，從而形成一種不正確的人生觀和道德觀。所以，這個(gè)時(shí)期的思想道德教育顯得尤為重要。
　　在未成年人的思想道德教育中，家長要配合學(xué)校和老師，對學(xué)生進(jìn)行有效的心理調(diào)節(jié)，有策略地引導(dǎo)他們向有利于成長的方向發(fā)展。具體到教育教學(xué)當(dāng)中，就是要多搞活動(dòng)。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)時(shí)期學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)壓力大，交流的機(jī)會(huì)少，老師要通過課外活動(dòng)加強(qiáng)他們之間的感情交流。值得注意的是，此類的活動(dòng)不能只停留在形式上，讓部分學(xué)生參加一下就完事了。而要全部學(xué)生參與，這樣一是可以加強(qiáng)他們之間的思想和感情交流，二可以加強(qiáng)他們平等的觀念，培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)意識，樹立自信心。
　　家長和老師在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的思想時(shí)要注意方法和策略。中學(xué)生處于一種多慮的心理狀態(tài)，對事情容易想得多、考慮得復(fù)雜，他們必須找人傾訴來減輕自己思想上的壓力，老師和家長就要主動(dòng)擔(dān)起這個(gè)責(zé)任�？梢酝ㄟ^書信、電子郵件、談話等不同的形式，以朋友的身份與學(xué)生聊天、溝通，傾聽他們的苦惱和擔(dān)憂，適時(shí)地幫助他們解決一些心理上的問題，而不是粗暴地去干預(yù)。
　　
　　劉志恒（建設(shè)銀行職員）
　　
　　在現(xiàn)今的教育制度和社會(huì)環(huán)境的影響下，社會(huì)側(cè)重發(fā)展未成年人的知識和技能，在一定程度上忽略了良好思想道德素質(zhì)的培養(yǎng)，加之教育方法不能貼近受多元文化影響的未成年人的心理，導(dǎo)致當(dāng)前未成年人的思想道德教育的效果不佳，未成年人在成長中出現(xiàn)一些不好的負(fù)面的東西。
　　未成年人思想道德教育不只是學(xué)校和老師的責(zé)任，家庭教育和社會(huì)教育也很重要。季羨林老先生最近在談到加強(qiáng)未成年人的思想道德建設(shè)時(shí)，為廣大中小學(xué)生寫了四句話：熱愛祖國，孝順父母，尊重師長，同伴和睦。我認(rèn)為這是對未成年人思想道德和行為規(guī)范的一個(gè)比較全面和現(xiàn)實(shí)的要求。
　　熱愛祖國就是要孩子們從小就能意識到自己是中國人，要熱愛自己的祖國，這是思想道德教育的前提。這個(gè)方面主要應(yīng)有學(xué)校和老師來進(jìn)行，可以充分利用社會(huì)課等課程，采取靈活多樣的形式，對孩子們進(jìn)行國史教育，既要讓他們知道中國光輝燦爛的歷史文明，又要讓孩子時(shí)刻記著為祖國而奮斗。孝順父母和尊重師長是弘揚(yáng)的一種健康的社會(huì)公德，在這方面家長和老師都應(yīng)該充分地尊重孩子，要學(xué)會(huì)和孩子們交心，多身教，少言傳。在與孩子們交往時(shí)，要賞識孩子，認(rèn)可他們，對他們的行為不時(shí)加以引導(dǎo)和糾正，從而培養(yǎng)良好的行為習(xí)慣。同伴和睦在目前的中小學(xué)中應(yīng)特別注重培養(yǎng)。如今孩子多是獨(dú)生子女，形成了自私、不合群、心理脆弱的一些缺點(diǎn)，很多孩子沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，所以學(xué)校和家長都有責(zé)任讓孩子與他們的朋友和睦相處，互相學(xué)習(xí)，正確引導(dǎo)他們的競爭意識，在合作中快樂地成長。
　　
　　Message from Chen Wei (Secretary of the Shandong Provincial Committee of the Communist League of China)
　　Strengthening and improving the construction of ideology and morality of minors is the largest ideological project concerning the will of the public that has relations with the interests of millions upon millions of families. It is also a hope project that has a great deal of importance for the future of our country and the fate of our nation.
　　Extensive activities and programs exemplifying ideal moral practices should be developed to vigorously promote the cultural construction among youngsters. Continuous efforts should be made on the implementation of Chinese Youngsters’ Reading Plan in the New Century and Reciting Classical Poems Project of the Qilu (i.e., Shandong) Youth. Some theme reading activities, such as “Youth China” culture week and Youngsters’ Cultural Festival, should be developed. Great efforts should be made on construction of a front of culture, edition of outstanding cultural products, and creating good cultural environment.
　　Message from Chen Guanghua (Vice Head of the Department of Education of Shandong Province)
　　The administrative departments concerning education have unshirkable responsibility for the ideological and moral education of primary and secondary school students. In creating the ideology and morality of minors, the departments concerning education should base themselves on the status to develop the ideological and moral education with a view to training talents with full-fledged qualities.
　　First of all, the patriotic sense should be strengthened to carry forward and cultivate the great national spirit among primary and secondary school students to make them inherit the traditional national merits and form a sincere and honest character. Second, habit-forming education should be developed to promote the primary and secondary school students to develop good behaviors and habits.
　　While strengthening ideological and moral education for primary and secondary school students, education concerning teachers’ professional ethics and professional spirit should also be strengthened. Series theme education activities for teachers’ professional ethics should be extensively developed among the teachers. A commending system should be set up to choose outstanding teachers involved in moral education work. The teachers should be directed to love their students and teach the students by personal example and practical exercises as well as verbal instructions. The teachers should direct the full-fledged development of the students in the aspect of morality, knowledge, sports, and art.
　　Message from Meng Hailan (Professor of psychology at Shandong Teachers’ University)
　　The education of ideology and morality, in fact, does not contradict the education of culture and knowledge. Starting with proper moral education, students can realize that the ultimate purpose of their study is to adapt themselves to society and promote overall social development. Only by understanding this can the students have a more powerful motive to study, and the knowledge they acquire will be useful for society. This kind of education will benefit them all their lives. Ideological and moral education should begin with the children themselves. First of all, they should learn to love themselves and love others. Then they can develop a healthy optimism, have confidence in their daily living. They can enjoy life and help others enjoy life.
　　Message from Yang Xiaoyang (A teacher of Jinan Yuying Secondary School)
　　During secondary school, the psychology of the children is more complicated than at any other time in their life. During this period, they start to independently get to understand society. Some social conflicts and problems will have impacts on their ideology with different levels. Moreover, there are many influences from outside the schools. The seamy side of society, some bad habits seen in the behavior of adults, pornography, and online games all lead them to imitate bad examples, thus forming an incorrect sense of living and ethics in their mind. Therefore, the ideological and moral education of children during this period is especially important.
　　In the ideological and moral education of the minors, parents should cooperate with schools and teachers to develop effective psychological regulations for the students and direct them to develop the orientation that can benefit their growth.
　　Teachers should increase feeling exchanges with them through extra-curricular activities. What merits attention is that these kinds of activities should not be limited to just one course, because this only allows a few of the students to participate. All of the students should be encouraged to participate in the activities to exchange feeling with the teachers. In this way, the ideological and feeling exchanges between the teachers and the students can be strengthened. At the same time, the sense of equality, consciousness of team spirit, and self-confidence of the students can be set up.
　　Message from Liu Zhiheng (A clerk at the China Construction Bank)
　　The ideological and moral education of minors should not be limited to the responsibility of schools and teachers. Family education and social education are also very important. Recently, when Mr. Ji Xianlin, a famous senior professor of Beijing University, talked about strengthening the ideological and moral construction of minors, he also wrote four maxims in Chinese calligraphy for the primary and secondary school students: “(1) Have ardent love for motherland, (2) Show filial obedience to parents, (3) Respect teachers, and (4) Be peaceful with companions.” I think this is a full-fledged and practical requirement for the ideology, morality, and behavior of young people.

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：未成年人 營造 向上 營造未成年人健康向上的成長空間 營造未成年人成長的 關(guān)愛未成年人健康成長