摘 要：
　　為了確定主栽烤煙品種的適宜采收成熟度，進(jìn)一步提高淄博煙區(qū)烤后煙葉質(zhì)量和彰顯其煙葉特色，采用外觀質(zhì)量鑒定、經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀統(tǒng)計、感官質(zhì)量評價和電子鼻檢測等方法，對主栽烤煙品種NC55中、上部煙葉不同采收成熟度烤后煙葉外觀和內(nèi)在質(zhì)量進(jìn)行對比分析。結(jié)果表明：中部葉成熟度變化規(guī)律較為穩(wěn)定，適宜采收成熟度為CM2，即鮮煙外觀7～8成黃;上部葉受氣候影響較大，適宜采收成熟度要視當(dāng)時氣候條件而定，后期氣溫、光照等條件較好時按BM2（8～9成黃）成熟度采收，后期氣溫下降較快、晝夜溫差大時按BM1（7～8成黃）成熟度采收。
　　關(guān)鍵詞：烤煙;采收;成熟度;質(zhì)量
　　中圖分類號：S572.091  文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識號：A  文章編號：1001-4942（2015）06-0045-04
　　Study on Proper Harvesting Maturity of Flue-cured
　　Tobacco Cultivar NC55 in Zibo
　　Wang Yingjun1， Zhai Mingquan1， Dai Huawei1， Zhou Dehai2， Tian Zhenshou3， Jiao Hainan4，5， Xu Xiuhong5*
　　（1.Shandong Zibo Tobacco Co. Ltd.， Zibo 255000， China; 2.Boshan Branch of Shandong Zibo Tobacco Co. Ltd.， Boshan 255200， China;
　　3.Yiyuan Branch of Shandong Zibo Tobacco Co. Ltd.， Yiyuan 256100， China; 4.Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural
　　Sciences， Beijing 100081， China; 5. Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Qingdao 266101， China）
　　Abstract In order to determine the proper harvesting maturity，improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco and expose its characteristic， the exterior and interior qualities of the middle and upper cured tobacco leaves of NC55， the main flue-cured tobacco cultivar in Zibo， were compared and analyzed by appraising exterior quality， recording economic traits， sensory evaluation and electric nose analysis at different maturity stages. The results showed that the middle tobacco leaves had stable maturity variation and should be harvested at CM2 stage （with 70%～80% of yellowing area）. The upper leaves were greatly affected by climate，therefore their harvesting maturity depended on the actual climate condition. The upper leaves should be harvested at BM2 stage （with 80%～90% of yellowing area） under the condition of proper temperature and light， while they should be harvested at BM1 stage （with 70%～80% of yellowing area） under the condition of dramatic declining temperature and diurnal temperature gap.
　　Key words Flue-cured tobacco; Harvest; Maturity; Quality
　　 煙葉質(zhì)量的形成基礎(chǔ)受到生態(tài)條件、品種、成熟度等多種因素影響，而采收成熟度是煙葉質(zhì)量的核心要素[1～6]，與烤后煙葉的外觀質(zhì)量、香氣等感官質(zhì)量密切相關(guān)。不同品種不同生態(tài)條件下的成熟規(guī)律不同，即使同一品種不同生態(tài)條件下的采收成熟度也有差異。因此，應(yīng)根據(jù)煙區(qū)生態(tài)特色，研究確定品種的最佳采收成熟度，配套嚴(yán)格的烘烤過程，才能有效提高產(chǎn)區(qū)煙葉質(zhì)量，突出產(chǎn)區(qū)煙葉特色。
　　NC55作為當(dāng)前山東煙葉產(chǎn)區(qū)（包括淄博在內(nèi)）的主栽品種，烤后煙葉質(zhì)量較好，符合“中式卷煙”原料要求，受到工業(yè)企業(yè)的青睞。山東淄博煙葉產(chǎn)區(qū)具有明顯的山地特征，其生態(tài)氣候和土壤環(huán)境較為特殊，如何利用好生態(tài)條件，生產(chǎn)出特色優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉顯得尤為重要。筆者在淄博煙區(qū)進(jìn)行了兩年試驗，研究NC55品種不同采收成熟度烤后煙葉質(zhì)量，確定適合當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)條件的采收成熟度，以進(jìn)一步提高淄博煙葉質(zhì)量和工業(yè)可用性，突出淄博產(chǎn)區(qū)煙葉特色。
　　1 材料與方法
　　1.1 試驗材料及設(shè)計

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：淄博 采收 成熟度 適宜 品種