濃香型煙葉分切不同段位質(zhì)量變化研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-24 來源: 日記大全 點(diǎn)擊:
摘要:襄縣煙葉是河南濃香型煙葉的代表。對(duì)襄縣B2F進(jìn)行分切,采用常規(guī)化學(xué)成分檢測(cè)、氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜(GC-MS)致香成分分析及感官質(zhì)量評(píng)吸等手段,研究單葉分切后不同段位的內(nèi)在質(zhì)量變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,分切后不同段位的煙葉在總糖、煙堿、糖堿比及鉀氯比等常規(guī)化學(xué)指標(biāo)與酸性、中性及堿性致香成分含量上均存在差異。葉中部香氣量更充足、透發(fā)性好、地方性雜氣小,煙氣特征較為細(xì)膩、刺激性較小、余味干凈,感官評(píng)吸質(zhì)量好于未分切的原級(jí)B2F;葉尖部分感官評(píng)吸質(zhì)量次之;葉基部分感官評(píng)吸質(zhì)量較差。究其原因在于葉中部致香成分總量豐富,堿性致香成分適當(dāng),且糖堿比及鉀氯比協(xié)調(diào)。
關(guān)鍵詞:上部煙;分切;致香成分;感官評(píng)吸質(zhì)量
中圖分類號(hào):TS44+3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2014)16-3824-03
Abstract: Tobacco of Xiang county, Xuchang municipality was the representative robust flavor style flue-cured tobacco in Henan province. B2F grade tobacco of Xiang county was split into different sections by cutting. The changes of inner quality of the different sections were studied by routine chemical analysis, aroma and flavor components analysis using GC-MS, and sensory evaluation. Differences were observed in total sugar, nicotine, the ratio of total sugar to nicotine, the ratio of potassium to chlorine, the acidic, alkaline and neutral aroma components after cutting. The aroma of leaf middle was sufficient with less local hybrid gas. The flavor was more delicate and clean, less stimulation. The leaf middle was obviously better than that of the leaf base in smoke quality. The leaf tip had the poorest smoke quality in single tobacco leaf. The reason was that the leaf middle had rich aroma chemical components and appropriate alkaline aroma components. The routine chemical components such as the ratio of total sugar to nicotine and the ratio of potassium to chlorine were well-balanced and suitable.
Key words: tobacco upper leaves; cutting; aroma and flavor components; sensory evaluation
烤煙上部煙指煙草的上二棚葉和頂葉的6~7 片葉,約占煙葉總產(chǎn)量的30%~40%。降焦減害意識(shí)的深入與卷煙品牌的規(guī)模化,改變了以往上部煙一般不用于高檔卷煙配方的傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí),低焦油卷煙引入高等級(jí)上部煙可以適當(dāng)彌補(bǔ)降焦帶來的香氣量不足、滿足感不強(qiáng)的缺點(diǎn),提高上部煙可用性成為“卷煙上水平”亟需解決的問題[1,2]。上部煙存在成熟度不夠、煙堿與淀粉含量偏高、雜氣重、刺激性大及煙氣粗糙等缺點(diǎn),影響其在卷煙配方中的可用性[3,4]。采用適當(dāng)?shù)脑耘嗯c烘烤方式,加之化學(xué)調(diào)控及生物醇化等技術(shù)是提高上部煙可用性的重要手段[5-7]。值得注意的是,同一株煙葉的不同部位受遺傳因素、生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境及栽培方式等影響,其組織結(jié)構(gòu)、常規(guī)化學(xué)成分、致香成分及感官質(zhì)量等方面存在明顯差異[8]。將煙葉單葉切斷后分不同部位加工利用的煙葉分切技術(shù),已成為提高煙葉可用性,拓寬上部煙應(yīng)用范圍的有效手段從而備受關(guān)注[9-11]。
許昌襄縣煙葉是河南濃香型煙葉的代表。對(duì)許昌襄縣B2F煙葉進(jìn)行單葉分切,通過常規(guī)化學(xué)成分檢測(cè)、致香成分分析及感官質(zhì)量評(píng)吸等手段,研究單葉分切后不同段位的內(nèi)在質(zhì)量變化規(guī)律,為提高煙葉可用性,拓寬上部煙應(yīng)用范圍提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 材料與儀器
試驗(yàn)材料為2012年河南許昌襄縣B2F煙葉,品種為中煙100;主要儀器有:KBF240型恒溫恒濕箱(德國(guó)Binder公司),Agilent 6890-5973N型氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀(GC-MS,美國(guó)安捷倫公司),Auto Analyzer 3型連續(xù)流動(dòng)分析儀(德國(guó) Brun Luebee公司)。
1.2 試驗(yàn)方法
1.2.1 煙葉分切 將挑選得到的襄縣B2F樣品均勻分切為10段,每段約5 cm,從葉基至葉尖編為XBn(n=1,2,…,10,X代表襄縣)。
1.2.2 常規(guī)化學(xué)成分檢測(cè) 煙葉樣品中的煙堿、總氮、總糖、還原糖、鉀、氯等常規(guī)化學(xué)成分用AA3連續(xù)流動(dòng)分析儀測(cè)定。樣品處理和測(cè)定步驟參照《YC/T 159-2002 煙草及煙草制品水溶性糖的測(cè)定 連續(xù)流動(dòng)法》、《YC/T 161-2002 煙草及煙草制品總氮的測(cè)定 連續(xù)流動(dòng)法》《YC/T 160-2002煙草及煙草制品總植物堿的測(cè)定 連續(xù)流動(dòng)法》、《YC/T 173-2003 煙草及煙草制品鉀的測(cè)定 連續(xù)流動(dòng)法》、《YC/T 162-2002煙草及煙草制品氯的測(cè)定 連續(xù)流動(dòng)法》。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:段位 煙葉 變化 質(zhì)量 分切
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