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淺析如何提高烤煙上部葉可用性

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-23 來(lái)源: 日記大全 點(diǎn)擊:


  摘 要:烤煙上部葉可用性差的問(wèn)題一直是行業(yè)內(nèi)比較關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn),其限制了國(guó)內(nèi)卷煙大品牌的發(fā)展。通過(guò)對(duì)影響烤煙上部葉的各種因素進(jìn)行了綜述,認(rèn)為提高上部葉可用性必須將烤煙生產(chǎn)技術(shù)、烘烤調(diào)制工藝以及經(jīng)濟(jì)政策等各環(huán)節(jié)系統(tǒng)地結(jié)合起來(lái),并且根據(jù)每個(gè)煙區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境、生產(chǎn)條件、烘烤水平等實(shí)際情況制定對(duì)應(yīng)的提高該地區(qū)上部葉可用性的解決措施。提高上部葉可用性是中國(guó)煙草行業(yè)急需解決的問(wèn)題,期望能為行業(yè)同仁提供豐富的理論依據(jù)和參考思路。
  關(guān)鍵詞:烤煙;上部葉;可用性
  中圖分類號(hào):S5 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 論文編號(hào):2013-0925
  Analysis of How to Improve the Usability of Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco
  Chen Gang1,2, Zhou Qingming1, Tian Yun2,3, Xu Xiangli4, Li Chaorong5, Yang Hongmei5, Yi Ke4
 。1College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China;
  2Hunan Agricultural Bioengineering Research Institute, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China;
  3College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China;
  4China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha 410006, Hunan, China;
  5Yunxian Lincang Branch, China Tobacco Yunnan Provincial Corporation, Lincang 675800, Yunnan, China)
  Abstract: The weak usability of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco is the key problem in the tobacco industry, which limited the development of big cigarette brands in our country. This article had summarized various factors of influencing the flue-cured tobacco, and it was considered that it should reasonably fall together all segments include the flue-cured tobacco production technology, baking technologies, economic policies and so on, for improving the usability of upper leaves of flue-cured. Furthermore, it also should formulate the corresponding countermeasures of every flue-cured tobacco production area on the basis of the environment, plant conditions, baking levels and other realistic conditions. Improving usability of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco is the urgent problem in the tobacco industry, so it is expected that the article might provide abundant theoretical foundation and references ideas for tobacco industry colleagues.
  Key words: Flue-cured Tobacco; Upper Leaves; Usability
  0 引言
  伴隨著國(guó)內(nèi)卷煙重點(diǎn)骨干品牌的加速成長(zhǎng)壯大,優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉數(shù)量短缺的問(wèn)題日益明顯,如何穩(wěn)定原料支撐,保證原料數(shù)量和質(zhì)量的穩(wěn)定已成為考驗(yàn)工業(yè)企業(yè)的一大難題。國(guó)內(nèi)上部煙葉的一直存在開(kāi)片差、成熟度低、煙堿含量、煙氣刺激性大、香氣量低等缺點(diǎn),嚴(yán)重影響了其內(nèi)在質(zhì)量和配方可用性。調(diào)查表明:在目前的一、二類卷煙配方中,國(guó)產(chǎn)上部煙葉的使用比重不高,更多地是依賴于數(shù)量有限的腰葉和進(jìn)口煙葉,從而制約了中國(guó)大品牌一、二類卷煙的發(fā)展[1]。隨著國(guó)家煙草專賣(mài)局“減害降焦”戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)以及煙葉資源配置改革的實(shí)施,上部煙葉在重點(diǎn)品牌中的使用已經(jīng)成為企業(yè)發(fā)展的必然選擇,提高上部葉可用性也是煙草行業(yè)不可回避的重要研究課題。
  近年來(lái),關(guān)于提高烤煙上部葉可用性的研究有很多,大家針對(duì)栽培措施、采收方式、烘烤調(diào)制、化學(xué)調(diào)控和卷煙工藝等不同的方面做了很多工作,對(duì)改善上部葉的可用性起到了一定的作用。然而,煙葉生產(chǎn)是一項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)工程,從大田生產(chǎn)到卷煙工藝的整個(gè)流程中的各環(huán)節(jié)都是緊密相關(guān)的,任何一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的失誤都將影響到煙葉的質(zhì)量和可用性。因此,改變其中任何一個(gè)過(guò)程對(duì)提高上部葉可用性的作用是有限的,只有將各環(huán)節(jié)兼顧結(jié)合起來(lái),才能真正地提高烤煙上部葉可用性。筆者闡述了影響上部葉可用性的各因素,以期能為廣大煙草科研工作人員提供一些理論依據(jù)和參考思路。

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