采收方式對烤煙上部煙葉色素和多酚化合物的影響
發(fā)布時間:2019-08-25 來源: 人生感悟 點擊:
摘要 [目的]研究不同采收方式對烤煙上部煙葉色素和多酚化合物的影響。[方法]3種采收方式分別為上部6片葉一次性摘采、上部6片葉一次性砍采、上部6片葉每次采收2片。研究其對上部煙葉葉黃素、β胡蘿卜素、其他類胡蘿卜素、多酚化合物含量的影響。[結(jié)果]上部6片葉一次性砍烤處理的煙葉葉黃素、β-胡蘿卜素、其他類胡蘿卜素在烘烤過程中降解慢,烤后煙葉色素類化合物含量高于其他2個處理。上部6片葉一次性砍烤處理在烘烤過程中能夠顯著提高多酚類化合物含量,有利于提高煙葉的外觀質(zhì)量和內(nèi)在品質(zhì)。[結(jié)論]建議推行上部6片葉一次性砍烤技術(shù),促進優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的生產(chǎn)。
關(guān)鍵詞 采收方式;色素;多酚;烤煙
中圖分類號 S572 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2017)06-0020-02
Effects of Harvesting Methods on the Pigments and Polyphenol Compounds in Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco
WANG Xiao-bing,MIAO Run-long,LIU Ying-hua et al (Pengshui Branch of Chongqing Tobacco Company,Chongging 409600)
Abstract [Objective] To research the effects of harvesting methods on the pigments and polyphenol compounds in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco.[Method] There were three harvesting treatments,which were one-time picking of the six upper leaves,one-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves,harvesting two leaves each time.The effects of three harvesting methods on the lutein,β-carotene,other carotenoids,and polyphenol compounds were researched.[Result] Contents of lutein,β-carotene,other carotenoids slowly degraded during curing in treatment of one-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves.The pigments contents after curing were higher than those in other two treatments.One-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves could significantly enhance the content of polyphenol compounds,which was helpful to increase the appearance quality and inner quality of tobacco leaves.[Conclusion] It is suggested to promote the treatment of one-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves,so as to promote the production of tobacco leaves.
Key words Harvesting method;Pigment;Polyphenols;Flue-cured tobacco
煙葉的外觀質(zhì)量和內(nèi)在品質(zhì)與烤后煙葉中質(zhì)體色素含量有著緊密的聯(lián)系,色素及其降解產(chǎn)物是烤后煙葉產(chǎn)生致香物質(zhì)的重要來源之一。煙草品種、調(diào)制方法、生育發(fā)育過程中相關(guān)代謝物積累是決定煙葉中色素含量的重要因素[1]。國內(nèi)外許多研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在所測定的中性揮發(fā)性香氣物質(zhì)中,煙葉質(zhì)體色素降解產(chǎn)物占到其總量的85%~96%[2]。多酚類化合物主要影響煙葉的外觀質(zhì)量和感官質(zhì)量,對煙葉的顏色有著最直接的作用;同時,在煙草的生長發(fā)育、調(diào)制特性、煙葉色澤、煙氣香氣味和煙氣生理強度等方面起重要作用,含量約占煙葉干重的0.40%~6.04%[3]。該試驗通過設(shè)計上部6片葉一次性摘采、上部6片葉一次性砍采、上部6片葉每次采收2片3種不同的采收方式處理,研究其對上部煙葉色素和多酚類物質(zhì)含量的影響,從而為優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉生產(chǎn),提高煙葉香氣質(zhì)量和綜合品質(zhì)提供理論依據(jù)[4]。
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗地概況
試驗于彭水縣小廠科技試驗園進行。試驗地前作為玉米,輪作良好,土質(zhì)紅壤灌,排方便,肥力水平中等。
1.2 試驗材料 供試品種為云煙87。
1.3 試驗方法 試驗共設(shè)3個處理,分別為處理①:上部煙葉6片葉一次性摘采;處理②:上部煙葉6片葉一次性砍采;處理③:上部煙葉6片葉每次采收2片。小區(qū)面積100 m2,隨機排列,3次重復(fù)。供試煙株于5月10日進行移栽,田間生產(chǎn)管理按照優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉生產(chǎn)規(guī)范進行。
采取顏色、葉片大小相對一致、素質(zhì)基本相同的煙葉,隨機取樣,用高效液相色譜法(HPLC)法[5]測定烤后煙葉色素和多酚化合物含量。
2 結(jié)果與分析
2.1 采收方式對上部煙葉色素類化合物含量的影響
2.1.1 采收方式對上部煙葉葉黃素含量的影響。
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