英美文化的趣聞篇一：英美文化概覽重點(diǎn)

1.《德伯家的苔絲》是誰(shuí)寫(xiě)的 出版時(shí)間 故事情節(jié) 反應(yīng)了什么內(nèi)容 P105

2.美國(guó)當(dāng)議員有什么條件 P33

3.什么是爵士樂(lè)你P134 Blue P133

4.現(xiàn)代文學(xué) 意義 P107+P114

5.英國(guó)議會(huì)分為哪三部分 P13

6.莎士比亞的四大悲劇 P99

7.英式英語(yǔ)和美式英語(yǔ)的不同(BrE and AmE) P44-P47

8.浪漫主義開(kāi)始的標(biāo)志P111

9.天主教七大圣事 p154

10.美國(guó)19世紀(jì)兩個(gè)最主要的詩(shī)人 p112

11.14世紀(jì)有位著名的英國(guó)作家在文壇上非常卓越，他是誰(shuí) p98

12.哪個(gè)作家創(chuàng)立了意識(shí)流小說(shuō)的寫(xiě)法 p107

13.貝爾武夫有哪個(gè)時(shí)代的英語(yǔ)所寫(xiě) p97

14.委婉語(yǔ) p49

15.14世紀(jì)middle english 作者 p48

16.簡(jiǎn) 奧斯汀寫(xiě)了哪些書(shū) p103

17.托尼 莫里森最重要的小說(shuō)名稱 P117

18.英國(guó)酒吧營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間（24小時(shí)）

19.佛教文 P116

20.伊斯蘭教P159

21圣歌+藍(lán)調(diào)=福音音樂(lè) P133

22.電影復(fù)興 P143

23.三權(quán)分立P31

24.英國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河 P3

25.唯一一段沒(méi)有國(guó)王的時(shí)間 P8

26.英國(guó)沒(méi)有單一完整憲法 法律組成 P12 P13

27.洛麗塔代表的是什么樣的姑娘 P56

28.龐德翻譯杜甫 李白的詩(shī) P114

29.新古典主義的特征 P101

30.美國(guó)有多少個(gè)州 P20

31.美國(guó)現(xiàn)代女詩(shī)人 諾貝爾得主 成名小說(shuō) P117

32.新娘穿什么(禁忌) P187

33.塔 建筑 P127

34.《解放黑奴宣言》 P26

美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn) P26

a.1800年早期南奴隸 北獨(dú)立

b.美國(guó)西進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議

c.領(lǐng)軍人物 政治決策 宣言

d.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)火索

e.1861年6.12爆發(fā)時(shí)間

現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)：意義 P107+P114

《苔絲》 P105

英國(guó)民族的形成

英國(guó)文學(xué)（第一章 第四章）

美國(guó)當(dāng)選議員有什么條件 a.至少30歲

b.美國(guó)公民9年

c.在州內(nèi)生活

英美文化的趣聞篇二：英美文化

Us 3

In 1782, the french who settled in pennsy first asked the question " what is an American" in his book Letters from An American Farmer.

The New world of america was peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first one from Asia and the second from Europe and Africa.

American indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived. These three civilizations were the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas. Columbus discovered the new world in the year of 1492

The English king claimed the territory of North America based on the voyage of John Cabot.

Martin luther was the first to start the Religious reformation and the next important leader of the reformation was John Calvin.

The first permanent settlement in north america was established in today's Virginia in the year of 1607.

The crop tobacco that was transplanted from the west indian saved virginia. lord Baltimore who set up the colony of Maryland was Catholics in religion.

New england was founded by a group of religious believers called Puritans while pennsylvania was planted by William Penn who was a Quakev in religion.

Us 4

After the war of independence was won, the national government was called the congress and the agreement that guided the government was the Articles of Confederation.

The city where the declaration of independence was signed and where the US constitution was made is Philadelphia.

The constitutional convention was held in the year of 1787 and the president of the convention was George Washington.

The constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government.

A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constitution with some rights reserved to each.

The US federal government consists of the following three branches: the executive ,the legislative and the judicial.

The congress is divided into the House of Representatives with 435 members who serve two year terms, and the Senate with 100 lawmakers who serve sixyear terms. Group who try to persuade congressmen to vote for or against a bill are known as lobbies.

The supreme court is composed of 1 chief justice and 8 associate justice.

The supreme court has the function of determining whether congressional legislative or executive action violates the constitution. this power is called judicial review. There are 26 amendments to the US constitution

The two major political parties are the democratic party, which is thought to be more liberal, and the republican pa(來(lái)自:www.newchangjing.com 蒲公 英文 摘:英美文化的趣聞)rty, which is believed to be more conservative.

US unit6

1. WASP stands for

2. The Great Awakening of the 1740s tried to breathe new feeling and strength into religion, and cut across the the lines of

3. According to John Locke, the right to govern comes from an agreement or voluntarily entered into by free people.

4.believes that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle his own affairs5. The majority of the Catholics in the US are descendants of immigrants from and Poland.

6. Prayer and Bible reading in public schools in the US are

7. The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, .

8. According to the text, in England, four-fifths of the people except Catholics go to church less than once a month; in Sweden the majority hardly ever go to church at all. Yet of American Protestants are active church members.

9. Freedom of religious belief or non-belief is provided in the in the US Constitution.

10. The first Catholic president in the US was

US unit7

1. are the two major writers of the post-Revolutionary period.

2. "The Masque of the Red Death" and "The Fall of the House of usher" were stories written

3. In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled , which intensified the political debate on slavery.

4. Mark Twain's is considered the greatest novel in American literature.

5. Upton Sinclair's novelexposed the horrible lives of meat-packing factory workers.

6. Ezra Pound's poetry is famous for , the use of strong, concrete images.

7. T.S. Eliot's long poem revealed a pessimistic view of post-World War I society. He dominated the so-called “Modern” movement in poetry.

8. After World War I, many novelists produced literary works of disillusionment. Some of them lived abroad and were known as the 9. F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel was about youth's golden dream turning to disappointment.

10. The following three novels were the best-known written by Ernest Hemingway:

11. William Faulkner effectively uses multiple points of view, symbolism and imagery in his novels.

12. is a great American playwright, whose plays include Desire Under the Elms and Long Day's Journey into Night.

13. John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath was a portrait of a poor family during the period of

14. Richard Wright wrote the novel , and Ralph Ellison wrote the novel Invisible Man. Both were black writers.

15. The representative work of the "Beat Generation" was Alan Ginsberg's poem16. won the Nobel prize for Literature in 1993, the first Afro-American writer to receive this honor.

UK unit 1

1. The full name of United kingdom is the

2. The island of Great Britain is made up of

3. The United King has been a member of the since 1973.

4. Britain is now a society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of ethnicity.

5. London plays a significant role in Britain's economic and cultural life, it's not only the financial of the nation, but also one of the major international financial centres in the world.

6. Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by the in the late 8th century they experienced raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from

7. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the century.

8. The capital of Britain is , which has great influence on the UK in all fields including government, finance, and .

UK unit 1-2

9. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he arrempted to overthrow in the English Revolution.

10. Name two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities:

11. The battle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded in winning the full independence of .

12. Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the London parliament and each holds seats respectively.

13. The capital of Scotland is which is well-known for its natural

14. Although wales is the smallest of the three nations on the mainland, it's good at getting from abroad, particularly Japan and . UK unit 3-1

1. , the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829.

2. The doctrine of the "divine right of kings" held that the sovereign derived his authority from , not from.

3. During the civil war in the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Par

liament are called , and those who supported the King were called

4. In 1215, some feudal barons and the Church forced King to sign theto place some limits on the King's power.

5. In medieval times, kings would summon a group of wealthy barons and representatives of counties, towns and cities-called l to raise money.

6. In 1689, Parliament passed to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.

7. In the 18th century, King George I left the job of chairing cabinet meetings to one of his ministers who later came to be called .

8. In Britain, the oficial head of state is , while the real centre of political life is in the

9. The British Constitution consists of statute law,

10. The most important function of the Parliament is to

11. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, 12. Life peers should be nominated by and appointed by n.

UK unit4

1. The UK is divided into 650 constituencies with each of them represented by a member

2. The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms and its party leader becomes

3. Normally, a government can be in power for 5 years, and then it has to resign and hold a general election.

4. If a government loses a n the House of Commons, it has to resign.

5. The amount of time given to each party in the "party electoral broadcasts" is proportional to the which the party received at the previous election.

6. The Liberal Democrats are regarded by many people as comparatively and in their balance of the individual and the social.

7. There are three major parties in the UK: , the Labour party and .

8. was established by the Labour government in 1948, providing health care for

all the people.

9. From 1979 to 1997, won 4 consecutive elections and was in power for quite a long time.

10. People who do unskilled office work and skilled well-paid manual work are likely to be described as class.

11. A university teacher would probably read a newspaper like while a manual worker would probably read.

12. One distinctive feature about the class system in Britain is that it still retains a

13. Most of the recent immigrants come from South Asian countries such as and Sri Lanka; and countries such as Jamaica and Trinidad.

14. On February 12, 2010, British Prime Minister took part in a video-conference with UN Ban Ki-moon and Prime Minister Meles Zenawi of Ethiopia to launch a High Level Advisory Group on .

15. The UK government has followed a forthright policy in dealing with climate change since was signed in 1997.

UK unit6

1.One of the oldest of the early"old English"literary work is a long poem from Anglo Saxon times called

2. written by Geoffrey chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today.

3. Shakespeare's plays fall into three categories. They are 4. Name two of the tragedies written by Shakespeare:.

5. Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel which are largely the love stories of a woman for a man.

6. Charles Dickens and Elizabeth Gaskell are regarded not only as novelists but also as socialin the 19th century.

7. The author of Ivanhoe was ; Charles Dickens's novel tells the story of an orphan child drawn into crime in the London underworld.

8.20th-century literature can be broadly divided into two stylistic periods: .

9. Virginia Woolf was one of the most famous writers of the 20th century.

Her work was concerned with the individual consciousness, especially theconsciousness. She sometimes used the technique of the in her writing.

10. The Heart of Darkness was written by ; the author of the book 7984 was

11. The best-known novel by William Golding is titled

12. In popular fiction, lan Fleming's fantastic stories are well-known, especially for their numerous film versions.

Unit 9

1. Britain's three most popular activities are watching TV, listening to the radio and 2. Britain has one of the world's oldest established newspaper industries. The which appeared in 1791, is the world's oldest newspaper, while The Times, which began publishing in 1785, is Britain's oldest newspaper.

3. The newspapers carry more serious and in-depth articles of particular political and social importance.

4. The is regarded as the most left-wing newspaper in Britain.

英美文化的趣聞篇三：英美文化差異

一。（一）美國(guó)貨幣

美國(guó)貨幣由美元dollar和美分cent組成，one dollar等于100 cents。其紙幣bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值；硬幣（coin）有一美分（或a penny）、五美分（或a nickel）、十美分（或a dime）和二十五美分（或a quarter）等。在數(shù)字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元；在數(shù)字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分；表示由美元和美分組成的錢(qián)數(shù)時(shí)，常用$表示，如：$6．50。

（二）英國(guó)貨幣

英國(guó)貨幣由英鎊（pound）和便士（pence）組成，也分為紙幣notes和硬幣coins。紙幣有面值五鎊、十鎊、二十鎊和五十鎊；而硬幣，即金屬貨幣有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一鎊等。若指一定數(shù)額的硬幣，通常用piece，如2P（pieces）；隨身帶的硬幣可用change表示。100 pence等于1 pound。在數(shù)字前加￡表示多少英鎊，如：￡800為800英鎊；在數(shù)字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士（penny的復(fù)數(shù)）；表示由英鎊和便士組成的錢(qián)數(shù)時(shí)通常不說(shuō)出pence，如3鎊50便士可說(shuō)成￡3．50或three pounds and fifty。

“人們都說(shuō)，美國(guó)人開(kāi)朗、自信、勇敢、活潑；而傳統(tǒng)的英國(guó)人內(nèi)向、淡漠、彬彬有禮、誠(chéng)實(shí)可靠、有民族優(yōu)越感。英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人互不服氣，英國(guó)人說(shuō)美國(guó)人沒(méi)有歷史，美國(guó)人說(shuō)英國(guó)人不懂未來(lái)。長(zhǎng)期生活在美國(guó)和英國(guó)的中國(guó)留學(xué)生在那里呆的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了，不知不覺(jué)中言和行也都折射出了英美文化的差異�！比涨爸行律缫黄}為“漫談?dòng)⒚懒魧W(xué)之差異”的文章，道出了留美生和留英生的不同。

價(jià)值觀念的差異。中國(guó)赴美國(guó)留學(xué)的5萬(wàn)大軍中的自費(fèi)生出國(guó)經(jīng)歷大多都遇到重重阻礙，過(guò)五關(guān)斬六將，吃盡辛苦，飽受風(fēng)霜。到了美國(guó)之后，都是各忙各的，很少有誰(shuí)去大使館教育處坐坐聊聊。當(dāng)然，這并不是說(shuō)赴美留學(xué)生沒(méi)有團(tuán)結(jié)的熱情，有重大活動(dòng)時(shí)，他們也是一呼百應(yīng)的，如像歡迎江澤民主席訪美、抗議北約轟炸我駐南大使館時(shí)，大家還是很有激情的。

而一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在英國(guó)留學(xué)費(fèi)用高，因此自費(fèi)的很少，很多人都是公派留學(xué)；因此，在英國(guó)的留學(xué)生比較扎堆，時(shí)不時(shí)還能聚聚，聊聊天、喝喝酒，說(shuō)說(shuō)鄉(xiāng)愁。我國(guó)駐倫敦的教育處，被學(xué)子們親切地稱為“51號(hào)兵站”，是聚會(huì)的老去處。加之英國(guó)留學(xué)生不少是配偶伴讀，還攜帶著子女。根據(jù)英國(guó)政府的規(guī)定，凡16歲以下或以上仍在就讀的留學(xué)生子女，生活費(fèi)每月都有社會(huì)福利基金匯入其父母的賬戶，基本生活不愁，閑暇時(shí)全家到教育處走走，思鄉(xiāng)之情得到了極大的滿足。

大多數(shù)中國(guó)留美學(xué)生和美國(guó)人一樣非常樂(lè)觀，他們堅(jiān)持未來(lái)時(shí)間取向，因而相信未來(lái)，相信事物發(fā)展的無(wú)限性，相信現(xiàn)在所做的一切在未來(lái)會(huì)獲得收獲。雖然在美國(guó)存在著實(shí)際的不平等，但是人們從觀念上相信“在上帝面前人人平等”，相信在美國(guó)總有“出人頭地的那一天”。君不見(jiàn)許多高新技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)里的公司高層管理人員90%以上是華人。而遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)留學(xué)英國(guó)，不是一個(gè)人獨(dú)自?shī)^斗，而是小家庭聯(lián)合應(yīng)付各種事件，各種艱辛困難的滋味可以想象，想在英國(guó)出人頭地確實(shí)不易，冒尖者屈指可數(shù)。他們絕少有像美國(guó)留學(xué)生那樣爬上塔尖的機(jī)遇。留在英國(guó)扎根的能在某家公司或某某新聞單位找到一份滿意的工作，便是佼佼者。有的不得不揀起英國(guó)人不愿干的臟活累活，例如化工之類(lèi)。不少人唯一的寄托便是希望能早日學(xué)成歸國(guó)、貢獻(xiàn)所學(xué)。

在美國(guó)留學(xué)生的眼里，友誼是在情景和時(shí)間中下定義的，友誼只存在于特定的時(shí)間、空間范疇內(nèi)，不希望朋友間產(chǎn)生很強(qiáng)的責(zé)任感，也不對(duì)友誼的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)做過(guò)高的界定。因?yàn)樵诟叨鹊墓I(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化、城市化極大地加快了生活節(jié)奏的國(guó)度里，整個(gè)美國(guó)像一部機(jī)器不停地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，追求效率的大眾無(wú)暇旁顧太多，友誼也打上了現(xiàn)代生活的烙印。親友結(jié)婚送禮，也是新娘子列出一個(gè)單子，開(kāi)列出自己所需的東西，還表明自己喜歡的款式和顏色，由新娘的母親將禮單復(fù)印成若干份送給親朋好友。這既避免了浪費(fèi)又節(jié)省了時(shí)間。可見(jiàn)生活在美國(guó)的人是多么精明！而在英國(guó)的留學(xué)生本身受東方觀念的影響友誼第一，加之在英國(guó)的孤獨(dú)無(wú)援，友情、互相幫襯就更為重要，成幫結(jié)伙處處可見(jiàn)。

行為舉止的區(qū)別。從服飾上看，英美留學(xué)差別更加明顯。英國(guó)人講究紳士風(fēng)度，西裝革履，皮鞋锃亮。有的英國(guó)女士接待黃皮膚朋友時(shí)，專門(mén)涂抹上黃色面霜，以表示對(duì)朋友的親近和尊重。留學(xué)英倫的學(xué)子當(dāng)然不敢怠慢，西裝也同樣挺括，領(lǐng)帶領(lǐng)結(jié)也絲毫不差。什么場(chǎng)合穿戴什么，如何化妝，也亦步亦趨。美國(guó)人可方便多了，近幾年，美國(guó)流行大花褲衩，校內(nèi)校外，老老少少，都少不了它的影子。中國(guó)留學(xué)生自然也不甘人后，大褲衩、拖鞋、文化衫招搖過(guò)市者，比比皆是。但這也并不是說(shuō)，他們到處隨意，在一些場(chǎng)合，他們也是西裝革履，文質(zhì)彬彬，很有些“紳士”的派頭。但如果一看到?jīng)]有旁人，這些“紳士”就原形畢露，鞋也脫了，領(lǐng)帶也松了，扣子也解了，腳也搭起來(lái)了。許多赴美學(xué)子，雖然回國(guó)多年，但有時(shí)習(xí)慣依然如此。

說(shuō)到行為舉止，如穿衣一樣，在英國(guó)的留學(xué)生要好許多，即使是“表面”文章，也比到美國(guó)的留學(xué)生要做得好。說(shuō)話非�？蜌�、行為禮貌，按部就班、不急不躁，似乎也挑不出什么毛病。但也有人評(píng)價(jià)，這樣說(shuō)話做事太酸了，讓人難受，還是赴美的留學(xué)生好，心直口快，想什么說(shuō)什么，想干事卷起袖子就成了，不用為說(shuō)一句不好聽(tīng)的話，先繞上幾百個(gè)圈子，羅羅唆唆一如《大話西游》里的“唐僧”。而對(duì)留美的學(xué)生，前幾年有句民謠，說(shuō)他們是：穿著土氣、說(shuō)話牛氣、花錢(qián)小氣。仔細(xì)品味一下，大致也差不離。

雖然很多留學(xué)生常年呆在海外，有些甚至在那兒定居，但無(wú)論他們?cè)谀睦�，他們都非常思念祖�?guó)，真所謂洋裝雖然穿在身，我心依然是中國(guó)心，鄉(xiāng)愁的滋味，大概每個(gè)人都嘗過(guò)。在異國(guó)的土地上，無(wú)論他們有沒(méi)有綠卡，無(wú)論他們事業(yè)有成還是一切正處于開(kāi)始，在別人眼里及他們心里，他們始終是中國(guó)人。

這個(gè)問(wèn)題很大,也很難回答,應(yīng)該說(shuō)英國(guó)和許多世界文明古國(guó)一樣有悠久的歷史,經(jīng)歷了很多王朝的統(tǒng)治,有燦爛的文化(以莎士比亞的詩(shī)歌和狄更斯的小說(shuō)為代表)牛津,劍橋大學(xué)歷史悠久.英國(guó)男人紳士味很足,歷史上曾出現(xiàn)過(guò)愛(ài)美人不愛(ài)江山的溫莎伯爵.整個(gè)英國(guó)文化給人一種神秘感.

有人說(shuō)美國(guó)是個(gè)沒(méi)有歷史的國(guó)家,其實(shí)在五月花號(hào)踏上美洲大陸前,印地安人已經(jīng)擁有先進(jìn)的天文,地理,建筑文化.而當(dāng)今的美國(guó)文化則有些像大雜燴,溶入了其他民族的文化元素進(jìn)去.

英語(yǔ)、美語(yǔ)發(fā)音不同，美國(guó)人喜歡對(duì)認(rèn)識(shí)不久的人直呼其名，英國(guó)人除非非常親密，否則只稱呼姓氏

、生存環(huán)境的差異

習(xí)語(yǔ)的產(chǎn)生與人們的勞動(dòng)和生活密切相關(guān)。英國(guó)是一個(gè)島國(guó)，歷史上航海業(yè)曾一度領(lǐng)先世界；而漢民族在亞洲大陸生活繁衍，人們的生活離不開(kāi)土地。比喻花錢(qián)浪費(fèi)，大手大腳，英語(yǔ)是spend money like water，而漢語(yǔ)是“揮金如土”。英語(yǔ)中有許多關(guān)于船和水的習(xí)語(yǔ)，在漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有完全相同的對(duì)應(yīng)習(xí)語(yǔ)，如to rest on one’s oars（暫時(shí)歇一歇），to keep one’s head above water（奮力圖存），all at sea（不知所措）等等。

在漢語(yǔ)的文化氛圍中，“東風(fēng)”即是“春天的風(fēng)”，夏天常與酷暑炎熱聯(lián)系在一起，“赤日炎炎似火燒”、“驕陽(yáng)似火”是常被用來(lái)描述夏天的詞語(yǔ)。而英國(guó)地處西半球，北溫帶，海洋性氣候，報(bào)告春天消息的卻是西風(fēng)，英國(guó)著名詩(shī)人雪萊的《西風(fēng)頌》正是對(duì)春的謳歌。英國(guó)的夏季正是溫馨宜人的季節(jié)，常與“可愛(ài)”、“溫和”、“美好”相連。莎士比亞在他的一首十四行詩(shī)中把愛(ài)人比作夏天，Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day Thou art more lovely and more temperate。

2、習(xí)俗差異

英漢習(xí)俗差異是多方面的，最典型的莫過(guò)于在對(duì)狗這種動(dòng)物的態(tài)度上。狗在漢語(yǔ)中是一種卑微的動(dòng)物。漢語(yǔ)中與狗有關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)大都含有貶意：“狐朋狗黨”、“狗急跳墻”、“狼心狗肺”、“狗腿子”等，盡管近些年來(lái)養(yǎng)寵物狗的人數(shù)大大增加，狗的“地位”似乎有所改變，但狗的貶義形象卻深深地留在漢語(yǔ)言文化中。而在西方英語(yǔ)國(guó)家，狗被認(rèn)為是人類(lèi)最忠誠(chéng)的朋友。英語(yǔ)中有關(guān)狗的習(xí)語(yǔ)除了一部分因受其他語(yǔ)言的影響而含有貶義外，大部分都沒(méi)有貶義。在英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)中，常以狗的形象來(lái)比喻人的行為。如You are a lucky dog（你是一個(gè)幸運(yùn)兒），Every dog has his day（凡人皆有得意日），Old dog will mot learn mew tricks（老人學(xué)不了新東西）等等。形容人“病得厲害”用sick as a dog，“累極了”是dog-tired。與此相反，中國(guó)人十分喜愛(ài)貓，用“饞貓”比喻人貪嘴，常有親呢的成份，而在西方文化中，“貓”被用來(lái)比喻“包藏禍心的女人”。

3、宗教信仰方面

與宗教信仰有關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)也大量地出在在英漢語(yǔ)言中。佛教傳入中國(guó)已有一千多年的歷史，人們相信有“佛主”在左右著人世間的一切，與此有關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)很多，如“借花獻(xiàn)佛”、“閑時(shí)不燒香，臨時(shí)抱佛腳”等。在西方許多國(guó)家，特別是在英美，人們信奉基督教，相關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)如Good helps those who help themselves（上帝幫助

自助的人），也有Go to hell（下地獄去）這樣的詛咒。

4、歷史典故

英漢兩種語(yǔ)言中還有大量由歷史典故形成的習(xí)語(yǔ)，這些習(xí)語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，意義深遠(yuǎn)，往往是不能單從字面意義去理解和翻譯的。如“東施效顰”、“名落孫山”、“葉公好龍”等等。英語(yǔ)典故習(xí)語(yǔ)多來(lái)自《圣經(jīng)》和希臘羅馬神話，如Achilles’ heel（唯一致命弱點(diǎn)）、meet one’s waterloo（一敗涂地）、Penelope’s web（永遠(yuǎn)完不成的工作）、a Pandora’s box（潘多拉之盒災(zāi)難、麻煩、禍害的根源）

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