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l(f)rg:2020-06-12 Դ: ժ c


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Lrgġl(xing)һɲߡʹóкl(xing)ɞЇWgоăɂȻMкl(xing)ɞЇطc팍`ăɂͬl(xing)hȳ^(q)Ӷsl(xing)оҲ(zhn)ڷl(xing)幫оČWgMĻA19982008gCSSCIzՓcҪՓо󣬶Wƽʾl(xing)оĻՓҪcl(f)չڅĶչFʮЇl(xing)幫о˼ScWg^l(xing)ЇġWgʮЇČWʢӳ׃w^еČWgԼ}R׌PѺ͹ĺPͬr[طСl(xing)冖}ijm(x)߉݋r彨OZ£Їl(xing)幫оČWgPcՓMc`ֵָMһԏጺ

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ЈD̖F3D63 īIRa
A¾̖1672-6162(2008)04-0009-10


1978갲PСrġɡɞЇĸһc1998ͨ^ġA񹲺͇Mٵ2005ͨ^ġйԺPMxr彨OҊֱ2008깲30ı׃wشЇrĽOνOOMͰl(f)չMl(f)ЇWgԼWߵļMfl(xing)彨OԻl(xing)ā]ĂЇһΌWWWWvʷWWWTWƳ־õPע


1 l(xing)幫оČWgM


1.1l(xing)彨Ol(xing)r

l(xing)冖}ĵһо߳F20oʮ_˃ɷNͬķ·һl(xing)彨Oڸl(xing)Ըl(f)l(xing)彨O\߀ꖳSȣ
MТͨČWԺڌWgоҪЇrrĆ}оƫՓO߀hȡ

Փġl(xing)彨O\ӡͱcrЇ“ϵ20oʮЇ̎܊y(zhn)rVr؅^(q)ɞ˃ȑ(zhn)đ(zhn)܊aoȑn⻼˵ʹB꣬಻l(xing)彨O\ӱ@ӵı°l(f)϶µĸ\˽t(y)l(wi)l(wi)ȸIăݣʽVӰh֮ٝƶȸc䌦}JRܲɷЇRĸ}ǡĻʧ{ƶȵIJB(ti)횏ġ(chung)ĻȻfr塱ҲǏl(xing)彨O[1]mȻߌڴ\ӵЧJHPע˼֦ĩ(ji)Ć}܏ĸЇLj\һϵиĸ˼ʹʩԾзeOĽbxڕrh(hun)Ѱl(f)˾޴׃Ľ죬ڮrĸìѲʹ^ȥ^ġ֦(ji)ԽԽɞrĸҪPעĽcMТͨČWԺɄtһǶ_l(xing)оҕҰ20o30MТͨڃȵr_չ{оrSٔ؅^(q)ĸNͬ͵^(q){_Oˡl(xing)WnMһ̽Їl(xing)cڴ˻Aγɡl(xing)Ї[2]ƶȡ[3]@ɱɕƫͨՓ|ՓόЇy(tng)l(xing)ĽYcM˿YһϵµĸFw֡Mͬl(xing)о˻AʹČWڽl(xing)¼^̕rٕ漰l(xing)YԴԒZc鲻ͬǣMТͨJ顮Їr}I}@һxϣMТͨٝЇahƶȸķʽQ؆}[4]

fl(xing)彨O\ڌ`оH錍`tl(xing)оڌWg`{ǞCо߸ƫͬ顰ΡrڵоṩˌFĽͳɹ

1.2Εr

20o80dl(xing)彨O{ˇҹ܉l(xing)оڶ߳һ݅WˮйʡίķؚCһؚɽl(xing)ķؚĸ﷽дОĻؚҪȫʩίTMϸxM˴εԇڌ`^߀ˡЇΡ[5]ͬrˡՓrĿ̖{ՓоԓͷrĸĸՓҪr塣ںM{鼰c׫˴{漰WgՓģӰСЇrࡷ[6]Їr弉22{c^[7]߀(chung)AЎWЇr冖}оB(yng)һrWŒεо·оl(f)չǰMϵy(tng)ЇrΡ[8]оMһµľ硣֮SWߌεĮa\Эh(hun)OwʩЧM˲̶ͬȵоRIġrֻ^еĴΡ[9]ФSġSҕеĴֱx[10]־xġl(xing)PϵҕҰеĴfxe[11]hġr\cΡ[12]Rѩȵġxel(xing)[13]ġεĴfA[14]ȶ@Щ

fMоČW߂AɌWЇr冖}оĞꇵ،M˱^̽оɹl(xing)о˻ܣҲAЌWr}оϵҪλ춨˻A

1.3l(xing)r

l(xing)20oĩ21oAɌWߞ顰Ρx¶xnjεоIĔUĴεl(xing)D׃cAɌWߌοЧđB(ti)D׃ܲɷ֡ڴεĿЧW籣NB(ti)ȣMՓՓ͑ՓԅAɌWMՓēo1999ՓĴ֮һhӢڡΡεc᣿[15]һЌεĺЧԼrֵλ|ɕrAЎWЇr冖}оĵ10λM^ӑՓָhӢ^׷εĿ˃rֵ˴ڬFAֶεx
JЇFAγГpšܣһǴš(zh)ЇƶPɇ_ĸ΄
һǽM񌦱„MҹֶκͻOpxɫ[16]Ȼ¸sJһNƶȵ䌍ҲSl(f)fȲìĶDl(xing)о·ɡS÷򞡱[]l(xing)匍`ČWgD^ӰȵČWڌWgLϵD͡ķƶxоΑB(ti)D΢^CxĴAɌW_ʼl(xing)(zhn)ĸl(xing)_ͻȽǶȌl(xing)չ_оȡHSijɹRѩġl(xing)A[17]ġ׃wеęc[18]־xġxe¼cfΡ[19]ȶ@ĴRѩAɌW߀AпƼWЇl(xing)о(chung)Wվͳ桶rЇWgƽ_l(xing)о(chung)õĭh(hun)

1.4l(xing)彨Or

l(xing)彨Ocl(xing)׺ͬrģ֮ԷһµAδоԜF܊׵ıW_ʼLԇ顢ꖳEdl(xing)彨O\ӡF܊J顰l(xing)彨O(ң ң)ǹI(y)ٕrڞ˾l(xing)r˥MΣҵĿɳm(x)l(f)չMеġ֪RӺWȌAXcġcrl(xing)ĻYϵ`Եĸԇ
ҲՓо͇HȷP[20]ڌ`һϵеćLԇ(chung)ꖳl(xing)彨OWԺl(xing)彨Oṩˌ`cƽ_l(f)𡰴Wl(xing)ЄӡB(yng)r僞(yu)㽨O˲_l(xing)彨OԇԎrM̶2005l(xing)彨Oģȫصl(xing)彨ORѩҲġl(xing)Їᵽˡl(xing)l(xing)彨Oָ2002AЎЇr冖}о½ڵIl(xing)оĵĺĸl(xing)彨OоĿ[21]244l(xing)l(xing)彨O䌍һăSr•ǽ綨ͬtǰƫھCо߸ע،`\Rѩfl(xing)оİl(f)չ͌`Ƕȿ䌍l(xing)彨OΞ9|Їr^wk[21]244ԅRѩA20oĩwČWgDо·һֱ׷SMТּͨͨ^Č{l(f)ЇNصՓYԴڽOҰsKwڌWgQ֮{ԇHMЌWgֶ̽ȻRѩl(xing)l(xing)彨O[21]244ڌWgɹ\ڌ`䌍Ч߀д^졣

֮l(xing)l(xing)彨OǴΏՓоH\õcDƣAɌWcɌW@һc;ͬwͬl(xing)彨OijF܊cRѩڿO^еărֵƫRѩJl(xing)彨OĻOl(xing)彨O\˵錧ărֵ^cҸ^γ“ϵɞ֧µ˵ĿģЇy(tng)l(xing)錧ľ޴\[21]249-250F܊tl(xing)彨OԽOJ飺Їڃɴìһǡ˵Pϵ߶ȾoĻìǡl(xing)ԪYĻwìܣЇӿлԾسd˿ډԓ(chung)µLc[22]߀21oxҪʹ񱊡кĄtкaҪxƶ䌍ƶ[23]

l(xing)彨O\njrl(xing)彨O\ӵ^кͰl(f)չ֮gִһą^(q)efrl(xing)彨OĉFڵl(xing)彨Oƫڰl(f)չҪ
ǰ߸{ߏ{RµľC
ǰҪɾӢƄӣ]ܵijJ߅sõˇķ֡


2 l(xing)幫оҪՓ


l(xing)֞顰l(xing)͡ΡɴKȻMl(xing)оrW߂оλڴfһfһĆλһL߉݋
f̎ڇc̎λڞ϶µćc¶ϵrṩ˳m(x)ĵĹ(c̎xһ)˱Փl(xing)ͬӌоcڡΡϣHHl(xing)εĭh(hun)MКw{l(xing)Ԓ}´μI򷱶IMrg඼^(q)eďl(xing)ĺ^Yl(xing)ĭh(hun)w^Sչ_о

2.1έh(hun)

fҕ骚Ăw߅҂Ԍέh(hun)xһӰ푴ΰl(f)չcfMQ^ӰfăȲl(f)չˣĿέh(hun)Ҫλڇƶ׃l(xing)Ӱĸĸ_rvһϵе׃Ӱ^l(xing)ČWgҕҰռҪλŽ

(1)ƶȸĸͥ“aа؟ƵČʩr彛wƸĸcҪĵλһֱnjWg߹ߘOPעğcPƆ}rʹÙD}ӑՓPƆ}ʮ҂һֱԳֵصļw@NǷԓm(x)W͹ٷͬĿһN؇лᳫUؼwһ؇xrࡱrɵؽID׌ڇSķȳءڶN˽лخaȫrԓ^cijJЇĿǰڵġr}YYrزrϣrJԼNĵԼԛ]LhͶYصĴ[24]NڬFеؼwƻAƳаƶ^cJ؇л^ÓxH˽лֻ{صĽܶ䱣ϹܣֻЈԳؼwЇ͝uMʽĸִ^cČWͬӷˬFسаƶȵķNN׶˲ҪسаMһơPrʹÙDĆ}Ԓ}ڽSrЈijFͷa׵P}ضһСµӑՓᳱWF_ɵĹRǼӿrDЈl(f)չrYԴĺúr彛l(f)չ@ķһǶMУһǏخaȱǶ[25]
ǏĽǶ[26]
ǏrϵĽǶ[27]鱣CʹÙЈD׌ĹƽFȫͬͬͬr߀kؽĘ[28]ʹWӑՓݱ댦rʹÙDʼK]ЏƶMҎ(gu)һֱȡĬSđB(ti)طtصČHr@ͨuFһơ°l(f)سа⵹ίнIҎ(gu)ģIɷݺơUĻġuʽW猦@ЩwʽҲоּ̽rʹÙDЧ

(2)r嶐Mĸr嶐Mĸ2000굽Fһֱl(xing)оcоһֱ@һԒ}ߵĬFӰڴšvоcF^΢С׃2000ʽ_ʼM^WӑՓ^ǶcrpؓPϵ
2002صǶ^y߽h
2003_ʼPעĸĿЧ
2004_ʼprI(y)2006ȫȏصȡrI(y)ĴˣWоҪDɷһnjȡrI(y)׷
njɶMĸ׸ĸl(xing)(zhn)Cĸо

ȡrI(y)@һW߂ٝ˷ٝ߶rI(y)ڵĺMзJrI(y)Ƿ⽨rڵġʼZڮm(x)LJҌrЏƵĚvʷzEraĕrҪֹ֧I(y)İl(f)չڹI(y)rI(y)ĬFrI(y)ȫʧȥ˴ڵߵɲ̫y(tng)һһNҊǏǶȿ]JrI(y)ȡpٻؔգṩյʹֻܲáߵֶΡ[29]OؑMĸ
һNҊǏrؓǶȿ]JrI(y)ȡ]Мpprؓor˸صļiɶMĸɵl(xing)ؔյȱڱͨ^ʽaһһhƶ@ЩƶȵČFҪM~ijɱʹrҪյĸhh^rI(y)rǏĂǶȷ߂һc_ɹRȡrI(y)߉݋c߉݋ȫѵġ

P߱^ٝɵڶNҊrI(y)rؓбռıؾͲ󣬬Fڌȡһ挦rwpؓ]̫x
һɴɵl(xing)ؔհ߀횽һNʽMa(һһhĸ~ɱ_µĶN)ȡrI(y)ĸĿǞrpؓ͸ȺPϵǽ^ɱ҂l(f)Fĺrؓ^ȥ@`˶ĵijԆ֌W߃HHrorI(y)ȡ@һcs]пrԹɶ~ؓ@Sc@Ӹѵؿ}҂^urһʮкF҂ҪIJӑՓrI(y)ǷԓȡҪӑՓڬFĶMƶ‘ԓηֹrؓķ

(3)l(xing)(zhn)Cĸl(xing)(zhn)Cĸ1998_ʼ鶐Mĸ״ʩͬMPоֲ^vʷFǰչоҪnjl(xing)(zhn)Cĸl(xing)(zhn)ĸһh(hun)MпǏ¹ġՓЇl(xing)(zhn)ĸ25꡷[30]ԓČЇl(xing)(zhn)ĸĚvʷĂAAθĸҪҪxRMFоÌ{ķʽľwĭh(hun)Ќ挍߷չоҪ@l(xing)(zhn)Cšܼģʽչ_l(xing)(zhn)CģʽδķNl(xing)(zhn)Ρl(xing)sl(xing)(zhn)ȫl(xing)(zhn)wһNģʽɞĸĿW翴һҊǡl(xing)l(xing)(zhn)ƽڽVܽBքerl(xing)(zhn)Κvʷl(xing)(zhn)ؔՓCˌFl(xing)(zhn)ΡıȻ[31-33]
„teˬFl(xing)(zhn)CcЈFҪĸˡhl(xing)Ρĸ[34]
ҲJ顰smģʽ[35]cҊ෴һN•Jl(xing)(zhn)ֻܼӏָA񹲺͇Ļʯr࡭ˆ}QķֻǸƻĿ߀Ǽӏȡ[36]Œ߶Ǐ߉݋l(f)MUl(xing)(zhn)Cĸ߉݋߀Pע

(4)r幫^ȫr幫յ2002СġЇr幫ա[37]ԓr幫оՓAЇr幫յƶ׃wЇr幫ϵy(tng)ͷr幫ʽɞоc_еf2005󣬿J@߂һ̖ļоᳱ2005r幫յоҪN;һNPעr幫wϵĽ@о”ռcr彨OԒZo“ϵһ{һ¡֡΄†}˼·ֵע@ЩW߂r幫wϵĘһN^đB(ti)^һµJڴ^БԓҲӴؔͶϣĽЇl(xing)彨O\ĿͶעn´彨O\Ad혺Sͬǣǰ߿҇Ļy(tng)ͽl(f)չˮƽcnT֮̎ڴǰ¸n´\ӵĽ򞌦҇xr彨O\һϵеĽh[38]
߲H˃ɇ֮̎߀ָɇ֮gڲ@ֱӛQ҇r彨OиďsԺL[39]ڶN;Pעr幫յĹoFܛƌWоĿЇr幫wϵ(chung)£F}cߡL޲ֵ؅^(q)r幫՝MȼMˌC[40]N;tǏČWFǶՓCMr幫սOķeOx

āfPڇƶȰŌl(xing)ӰWuudһɷƶȰԙxĺ•Rѩ׵AɌWЇr冖}ĽQҪ{YϱYԴõһՓጵĆ}ƶȰˮؼ޽ڱYԴ֮ϡ˾SҵĄƶȰˇ|fЇrȫһеߺ㶨ĸʮĂ϶һеr߮a^eOY[36]

2.2w

ĿǰSPl(xing)wՓģɿɵġЌWJl(xing)wǴȺЇrrȺͨ^νMkcPĴ„գFҹҽҷա[8]3ЌWָmȻl(xing)ΡѽɞFl(xing)ĴҳڌrͿƵҪȻʹBl(xing)ҙڻӵ|Ǿl(xing)(zhn)WJ^YԴĴfӢڴ՛QһnjHxϵw͎ӑՓ^wM^cw{

(1)l(xing)(zhn)ܶоl(xing)cl(xing)(zhn)CĸĸPĸεӰ푡Q֮W߂l(xing)(zhn)ҕfڭh(hun)֮һMоҲWߌl(xing)(zhn)CwfăȲY̫܊Jl(xing)(zhn)Cl(xing)ćrl(f)չ(zhn)l(xing)(zhn)⹦Լl(xing)ķһ̶l(xing)cΙڹϵě_ͻɴˌƒɷN\޲໥ֺĬFrаl(f)Sl(xing)CȻ弉MԼŒٙCͨ^ٿxeCA[41]ĶɇҙıϵռŒϵ³c̫܊Ŀ෴ڽVJl(xing)(zhn)ę˥J顰SҌl(xing)彛هԵĜpl(xing)Јİl(f)չԼy(tng)ęĻFĻD׃ҵu˳l(xing)I[32]l(xing)(zhn)Αɞĸ}֮˾S࿴l(xing)(zhn)CIJcڽVͬǣJ顰l(xing)(zhn)İl(f)չՆTKǷλ[36]

(2)ͨ񡣽̫܊Jl(xing)KЙrrԓl(xing)팍|xϵw[42]@Nᷨܵ|Kϵ؅^(q)ָwI(y)ƺȺwl(xing)(zhn)γɏĹYP“ͨ񌢕ڟoγұoCƶܓp[43]RѩҲQӋrKڕ]ճнHPϵڳFͻl(f)a¼r]Б[21]36rMƺѽɞl(xing)wовҎ(gu)ܵԒ}

20o90ٌWߌĿͶrgMrfϣrfܳГIε΄W߂оIDrfćĽЌҵƄӇȴεˌձrf܉ЧrṩķM̽J顰λһwMŔࡱ͡CϽIձrfܰl(f)@Чõԭᘌ҇rһϵнh[44]
ͨ^nrf顰ڶvꠡĚvʷ׃PMп(c̎xһ)҇ơڶvꠡc顰һvꠡӽMγøPϵıҪԼʽ߽h[45]SȲݸΣУϵİl(f)չѴ֌WߌR^صڽMп죬ָ҇rѽFrҲȡ˲СijɿrMɺ߼wvrُNӹſcaǰaЭh(hun)(ji)ƽƽ@ƽ[46]ďɽṩYϿЇrĮaI(y)Mԡ˾l(xing)(zhn)(Еrǿh)˾rģʽhδɞ“YrcЈʽ[47]

(3)fӢǰfӢһLJҙڴf³dwһǏVδĮˣһ̶ϿҕcĽcӢYMн͸ҕc໥˴fӢһֱnjWоcھӢ͵оRѩ־xȌfӢ֞ӢͷӢǰմfʽYԴՂy(tng)YԴYԴ[48]ˌfӢ֞ξӢ(Ҫָί)ĻӢ(IڽI)ͽӢ(罛˽ϰ)ξӢஔRѩ;ӢӢĻӢtnjӢaIĄھӢõо̶Aͨ^cB(ti)fӢĸֵȫ☋͸ҕf\еȫָ;Ӣ顰ˡ͡O(jin)oˡɫě_ͻM˃yľ;ӢSİl(f)չѸٳLuc;Ӣӑr߀rϣڴfռһϯ֮[49]ڲͬ͵ķ;Ӣl(f)]ϣ^cзxJ顰ڮЇĵطĻ׌λεĽĽy(tng)ΣĻӢl(xing)Ҫ@ԽԽ΢[50]cs}(zhn)Ұ{еóc֮෴ĽYՓJƶȻʧζѪĻCƵPϵĽwS20o70ĩЇrߵDcwƵͻԼҞĵĽλĴ_ԵؾAĴ书ܵrMеĻy(tng)еɫʣչF҂ǰ[51]еĴfӢ徫ӢWgPעĴڬFԼ䑪ȻһֱӑՓĽc

l(xing)wlһŶՓ9|rסڽl(f)չˮƽطĻy(tng)ԸB(ti)h(hun)lOķǾЇr壬ΑB(ti)fǧʽl(xing)(zhn)fӢ߀ͨwԓ]AıYԴ횶xһͨõķtP߽oĽhǣɪ^(q)ԽMГl(xing)(zhn)tҪГչܣšֹMõIڏP“ʹfӛĵml(f)]ã{⹫o˽I͹Fì

2.3^

^l(xing)fȲMxeQͱO(jin)^W猦^̵о^༯xeQߺ͹h(hun)(ji)д弉xeһһhʹ弉ؔչǟhԒ}

(1)弉xe弉xeڴIһֱǂPעh}Ҳ顰ЇΌWһо߸׃оҕMһ錒Vl(xing)оIп·Ͳ[52]ᘌЇrƶȽOеĸxʽ}Wgвͬ^cJ弉xe挍طӳЇrĸMЩWߵоsór񲻝M弉xeĽYՓڃɷNͬļO£ܶWߌ弉xeijMˌ{MһxeCˌFĽhڴ弉xeʽĸMҲɷN^chӢJ弉xeҪҵ폊ᵽЇrĆ}f߀һɽ}”μɽİl(f)չҪһЩ[53]cͬr־xóc֮ĽYՓJڇҏĽҪrİl(f)עذl(f)fλA[54]

(2)һһh^һһhָrdkw˜I(y)rҪYҪͨ^ߴwӑՓоЌŒhkIYǞˏaMĸȡĴ弉ɵYȱڡͨ^Wһϵе{Có^һµĽYՓǣһһhڌʩ^дص[Jһһh׳ɱ̫ߡƶOӋMMȱeOԡȱ[55]˸MĸV|rӰ푵{óˡһһhy_չrrˮOʩO;SoڰcĽYՓ[56]˄tԔˌ`Ӱ푡һһh_(yu)ĸFAڏVr匍еġһһh˿rؚFTصӰڌ`_Փϵ(yu)⣬ܵõһЩ҂Ը⿴ĽY[57]

(3)弉ؔ弉ؔյоҪ֞ɂһǴ弉ؔչǴ弉ؓڴ弉ؔյо棬WѽγһͬǰJ֪弉ؔչyǮǰr彛һ^ͻĆ}ЧQˆ}ѽɞr彛OMп̲ݾ΄ڣãӣӣãό弉ؔչMõՓĻѭͬһģʽؔдڵĆ}}γԭ򡪡QČ߽hʹچ}fҪСӋAؔˆT|ߡָͱO(jin)򡱡ؔչ_Ȳߡ̫ؔؓءȿᘌ@Щ}W߂߽h^һµСӏ弉ؔչɷҎ(gu)Oؔչ_ƶȡؔչˆT˼|͘I(y)|ȡPJ@弉ؔչоڅͬ߄оĂ߉݋δĄ(chung)߽hֻᵽ˱]ЌmɲMһڴ弉ؓоW^ļڴ弉ؓą^(q)\õ^ǃɷNҕǣһNǏĵطeOԵIJ^(q)򽛝l(f)չˮƽIJ ጴ弉ؓą^(q)[58]
һNǏrȲYIJl(f)ጴ弉յą^(q)l(xing)İl(f)չ[59]


3 l(xing)幫оČWgڅ


ʮl(xing)PīIMл[sl(xing)оİl(f)չڅČMпYоϏĆһҕǵWƶ෽ں
оλϏĴfо^(q)о
оcϏČfȲ^̵оfⲿh(hun)о

3.1ĆһҕǷWƶ෽ĽC

30оuĆһҕǷDW෽ĽCČWeϿ20o80W߂εĿΌWǶȳl(f)书ܵоҲcMP˺˂l(f)F@һƶѽoݼ{l(xing)ķо_ʼ{NWI˲šˏĽWǶȺ㶐MĸijɱˏĚvʷWǶȿƶȵ׃wˏWǶUĻd˥
҂ͬһIͬһ¼Ͽ،WƵĽоϿڶ،WƵĽWg޽ṩ˱l(xing)ČW_ʼLԇNߵĽҰ{顢^ƶȷķҰ{WWоij÷֮һҪʷ{Ⱦwĸ_ԁһϵ׃̼ˇȌWЇλRL͌xķУĶʹÌW_ʼ{һֲϡҪҰ{ҲˌW߂ƫ۵ȡķʽ^cҰ{Yһ\ͬһr΃Ȳͬ^(q)ĔֵעSЌՓ[60]ͅ^(q)оd^l(xing)оռԽԽҪĵλ\ÿ׷ݵʮoꖳrڡoSl(xing)彨OԒZďdһԴfоλԇЇѸ^Ӱԇ[]Rѩĺԇ[]F܊ĵԳԇ[]λmԇ[]^@ЩԇcfǞ˿ƌWоռYfǞˌоøTڽOƏVƶȷ20o߰ʮ_ʼSεd_ɽ֮µġЇrΡ[8]ԓġƶȷҪՓόƶMȫ̽ӑ˺Sƶt(y)ƶƶȵһϵ׃İl(f)ƶȷ౻\õPīI߀ˌՓ뵽l(xing)幫оЁ̶[49]֮Їl(xing)оuMWƽоAҰ{Ҫо^͌t䏊ɞδоڅW෽M댢ʹо׃øwM

3.2Ĵfо^(q)оl(xing)ط

Ұ{SWߺW߶TڌfоλԇDͨ^ijһfvʷ׃wоxЇ@Nоʽ䌍һϵyԻشĆ}ӱĴfǷ܉Їɴ˘ӱݳǷmărֵ@SȫW߶֮^ʹĆ}ЇΑB(ti)fǧĴfYʹôоһfֵ̈́Ć}粽y҂l(f)FϷĴfmõĽŵĴfˮʹͬϷĴfҲн̶vʷzĻΑB(ti)MYȷNNͬhöؘ˜ʁ팤ͬʹf҂ԇDõλá̶fP“ȶָһӌ·ҲSεذl(f)Fϛ]ЃƬͬ~ӡf͵yԄֱӽo҂һy}A҂Ұ{еõ`f҂ԓʲôӵij߶ȥxЇ@߶ȵx˜ʲôؾĻ܉@ôfȺJͬ߶ȵİղʺ߻ؚwğomᘌһϵеĆ}ʩŵ_ʼᳫhWWýWķx^ЇԴf־ģʽԴfоĔѷeһЇҪPעf͇ҵPϵwfЇһNʲôӵʩńtˡ˜ʼСĸָЇĽwɘ˜ʼBĺ^^(q)[61]6-720o˾ʮȲٌWҲڅ^(q)^оŬ͵ĴDz\õĕrgR^ʽؿ˺ʮhS߅Ї[62]Ĵˌо·DƵ^(q)^ρ

Ć΂f^Ӵϵą^(q)оٵЇĽxl(xing)оһNڅݣڂоĻAԅ^(q)он飬M뵽ЇwM뵽ǾЇrJRǮǰWŬQĆ}ҲȻдŬķ[63]@һoҎ(gu)ܵĆ}lµġvȡᡱ҂ؿϣоڴоɹܾЌIĴ@һ}ăɶ҂ԇDMиV韵ęM挦ȕryLrԵо(c̎xһ)҂ֻмڸWߵŬ̓ɷNϵȡLaҪָSaƷ͹չoIJȻScl(xing)岻zYڅͬں^(q)cl(xing)оĵطоԽμl(xing)о

3.3ĴfȲ^оfⲿh(hun)о

20o˾ʮdW߼ĿͶעڴfޏͺͰl(f)չ^AɌWߞ1999Ĵxe_һ̽rȲC^̵Ļ伯wWgDŒϮrεоƫڌfȲ^̵Ī@NyԱ؎һĿgSоͅ^(q)оdW߂uXHʹfоfaR]ɽĿֻڴɽСĆ}RѩAɵČWMо·ĵڶμwD_ʼĴfⲿh(hun)PϵQĽǶȥ_չоͨ^ȫͬ^(q)rM{⮔ǰЇl(xing)Ġr^(q)ԲĶTƶM벻ͬl(xing)^CƼ[52]@N׃ֱ^طӳ˴оPīIĔ׃(ȫy(tng)Ӌ[])D1ʾ

D1Їl(xing)幫оڅݣ1998-2006

ɈD1Ҋ”ϿʮPڴ^̵о߀»څČWgϿԏĴxeԒ}^r֮W猦ڴ^̵оһֱδPīIǃHĆһǶ猦һһhƶW߂HΌWǶՓl(f)ҲǺεuh
߃Hͣچ}桪猦弉ؔչоֻͣڌ߽hӣOٿ߽hĿɲMՓCŒߵİl(f)֮έh(hun)µĔc|twFˌW߂оdȤW߂ՄؔѲكHHڴfȲؔ_ʼPעcؔ}oPĶMĸƶŒϣMĸһö~^[l(xing)Џsl(xing)ɼPϵWjSĆ}ʹԭѲ̫ƽoĴf׃øӄʎl(xing)(zhn)CĸؔwƸĸһϵ׸ĸ\Ǟ˜pβSMrĸSԶļP״ʩl(xing)Ľ\мӰ푞^c|l(xing)иNҪؽRĈM^xl(xing)Ї


īI

[1]rڵl(xing)彨O\[]ʷW2006(4)69-80

[2]MТͨl(xing)Ї[]ϾKˇ磬2007

[3]MТͨƶ[]̄ӡ^2008

[4]£Їrr}оİ[]AЎWW(ƌW)1999(11)1-10

[5]ˮЇ[]ϷʣSɽ1999

[6]񰲣Їr[]ɶĴ1992

[7]񰲣Їr弉22{c^[]hAЎW磬2000

[8]£Їr[]hAЎW1997

[9]RIrֻ^еĴ[]ڣϷ1997

[10]ФSSҕеĴֱx[]ЇƌW磺2001

[11]־xl(xing)PϵҕҰеĴfxe[]W2002

[12]hAr\c[]ЇƌW2001

[13]Rѩꐝxel(xing)[]W2002

[14]Rѩ壬褣εĴfA[]W2002

[15]hӢΡεc[](zhn)c1999(1)88-96

[16]㣮ΣՓYԴ\Чd˥cؽhӡΡεcĵuh[]xо1999(4)76-78

[17]Rѩ壮l(xing)A[]ЇƌW2003

[18]㣮׃wеęc[]ЇƌW2002

[19]־xxe¼cf[]ЇƌW磬2004.

[20]F܊Їl(xing)彨O[EB/OL](2005-09-25)[2006-10-24].http://www.xschina.org/show.php?id=7856.

[21]Rѩ壮l(xing)Ї[]֣VW2003

[22]F܊낀orƶ׃w[](zhn)c1999(6)76-82

[23]F܊Їһ[]x2001(3)3-11

[24]СPɽЇĸRӆ}Pƶȸĸ[](zhn)c2002(5)1-5

[25]XҺãrسаIaȱcЈDՓc߷[]磬2002(6)35-45

[26]RArI(y)䌦rDӰ푡һ[]ϺؔWW(܌WƌW)2006(2)72-78

[27]Lƣrcr[]wƱ^2002(1)49-55

[28]ʣ׃ƶȵĕrCѽ[]Ϸĩ2007-10-11

[29]֥mؔơ߀ǡơr嶐Mĸǰcط֮gĻ[]Wо2005(4)44-63

[30]¹⣮ՓЇl(xing)(zhn)ĸ25[].Ї2005(10)16-19

[31]ƽl(xing)(zhn)wƸĸl(xing)l(f)չɡλgλD׃[]ëɖ|СƽՓо2004(6)29-35

[32]ڽVl(xing)(zhn)Σ·[](zhn)c2002(6)117-120

[33]ܽB|l(xing)(zhn)ڵıҪԣՄһCO[]˴о2004(6)22-25

[34]£hl(xing)ɡΣl(xing)ĽYDQ[]KƌW2002(2)27-30

[35]£Pڮǰ҇l(xing)(zhn)Cĸ`о[]WW(܌WƌW)2006(1)54-61

[36]˾S|ɡl(xing)(zhn)wƸĸPl(xing)ЇăɷN˼·[]_ŕr2004(2)16-24

[37]С࣮Їr幫[]Їl(f)չ2002

[38]Ad혣nġ´\ӡ䌦Їr彨OĆʾ[]cx2006(3)17-21

[39]Sn´\u[]WԺW2006(4)
81-84

[40]ξA÷ȣr幫՝MȼČCLޞ鰸[]Ї2006(5)91-95

[41]̫܊fؙӵW[](zhn)c[].2002(2)105-114

[42]̫܊PڴεJR`^(q)[]KƌW1999(6)30-32

[43]y(tng)c׃wI(y)ƺKr弉[]Wо2002(1)10-16

[44]Rl(wi)ձrfЇrI(y)wϵĆʾ[]1995(6)195-182.

[45]ʯڣcrPϵġڶvꠡnrf׃P䆢ʾ[]WԺW2005(4)85-88

[46]Y|Pr熖}˼[]磬2004(7)136-137

[47]ɽ“YrcЈЇrнM̽[]ЇƌW2002

[48]־xRѩ壮fYӷՓxe弉ĺϷ[]ЇƌW2002(1)158-167

[49]̶AӢcB(ti)cf[]磬2004(10)57-67

[50]xЈDͣӢλcط[]ΌW2006(6)68-73

[51]cďdcȺYϡ}(zhn)Ұ{[]Wо2000(6)76-84

[52]㣬Rѩ壮о·cwu[]_ŕr2005(4)82-96

[53]hӢЇl(xing)ΣF}cڅ[]KƌW2004(4)1-4

[54]־xxeȝcεAO[]KƌW2004(4)5-6

[55]ɏ҇B(ti)̽OеĄڄù}[]y(tng)ӋcQ(Փ)2006(5)151-153

[56]ʷƣMĸV|rӽMӰ푵{[]Їr彛2006(8)56-62

[57]hһһhƶȵĎc˼[].WW(ƌW)2004(9)33-35

[58]ꐝwRȣ弉յĬFwƳ仯⡪223弰3ӱh(){

[]2006(5)76-85[59]Rѩ壮Փ弉ؓą^(q)rЄӆλҕ[]磬2005(11)82-100.(c̎xһ)

[60]܊l(xing)ķՓYc˼[]Փ2006(12)64-66

[61]㑣l(xing)[]ЇW磬2003[62]\壮S߅ЇһWߌl(xing)^c˼[]ϺϺˇ2004

[63]Rѩ壮l(xing)оİl(f)չ[]FƌW2007(6)4-8


ԭdڡW20084}顶Їl(xing)幫о棨19982008

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ĿԴݽo(yu)˲֧Ӌ NCET070858


[] 2003RѩںS÷_չl(xing)Dͨ^l(xing)ⲿo轛g֧֣l(f)εăʹruГεw؟

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[]λmԇ򞣬ҪrXԸĻAr񽛝l(f)չк猍FҽIҷ

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P~l(xing) ^ о ̶

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