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1.ȫ̫ܟˮa(chn)I(y)cg(sh)l(f)չ?fn)rʾJ.̫ܣ20072.
2S.AӓQˮƽȻѭh(hun)̫ꖟˮϵy(tng)оD.ώW(xu)TʿW(xu)λՓ,2006.
3woؑ.̫üg(sh)cl(f)չJ.Դch(hun)20074.
4_\(yn).̫ꖟˮg(sh)v()̫ꖟˮϵy(tng)J.Դ,2004(4).
5x .̫ܟüg(sh)҇(ji)еđ(yng)cչJ.c{(dio)20011(4).
6_\(yn).̫ꖟˮg(sh)v(һ)̫ꖟˮl(f)չśr֪RJ.Դ,2004(1).
7ď(qing).̫҇ܟˮa(chn)I(y)l(f)չF(xin)չJ.Դ20024.
8.̫ܟˮИI(y)ęC(j)c(zhn)J.20099.
9ꑾS _.̫҇ܟM(jn)չJ.̫20021.
10̫(dng)̫ܟˮİl(f)չ?fn)rJ.(ji)ܣ200735(8).
11̫ܟˮxáJ.ϺӋyԇ200936(2).
12_ ־.̫҇ꖟˮa(chn)I(y)l(f)չF(xin)J.̫20031.
13½.ǰVصh(yun)Ї̫ܟˮHЈ_l(f)J.
14_־.̫ܟˮ(ji)ܜpЧ@J.2007(11).
15Li-qun Liu,Zhi-xin Wang.The development and application practice of windCsolar energy hybrid generation systems in ChinaJ.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13 (2009) 1504C1512.
History of the development of solar water heaters
Lai Shujun
Institute of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083
Abstract: Solar energy industry has developed rapidly in many areas have been effectively used, and solar water heater is the fastest growing industries in China. Since 90 years, China's solar water heater after 10 years of market development, has entered the start time, and increasingly obvious conventional energy crisis, it is further accelerated the pace of development of solar water heater market. In addition, China's solar water heater industry gradually matured technology continues to improve, continuously improve product quality, several national standards for water heaters have been promulgated and implemented, market demand and competition to promote the rapid development of solar water heater industry, China has become the world's water heater the largest country in the production and consumption.
Key Words: Solar water heaters collectors The classification of solar water heaters History of developmentDevelopment impact
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ЇԴW(wng) | 2010-12-13 11:08:00 | ԴՓ |
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19681969댧(do)wГ(dn)˞顰(sh)`1̖l(wi)ǡƺa(chn)̫늳ذ΄(w)ооˆTl(f)F(xin)P+/NƬ̫늳ڿg\(yn)Еrݗ늳˥pʹ늳?z)oLrgڿg\(yn)ռڃ(ni)6СM_ʼM(jn)l(wi)ù̫늳ݗЧ(yng)о(sh)(yn)^ڼg(sh)O(sh)ʹռև(yn)ƂĴһֱʹֱ1978M(jn)ֲƤg(sh)ӛעռԺʿֱһЩɫް@һ݅ƌW(xu)Қߑ]I(xin)ƌW(xu)ӡӛ(jng)^̿P(gun)(sh)(yn)Y(ji)oоˆT@ϲռԺʿBNPY(ji)̫늳ؿݗյPNY(ji)늳شʮS댧(do)wˌPN늳ظĞNPͶa(chn)ěQa(chn)5690ƬNPY(ji)̫늳أ_(d)g(yng)ҪijƷ3350ƬAMˡ(sh)`1̖l(wi)̫늳ذa(chn)΄(w)1971ꌍ(sh)`1̖l(f)գ8ĉڃ(ni)̫늳ع˥15%ԓ(xing)Ŀ1978ȫƌW(xu)ϫ@شɹ
1969댧(do)wֹͣ˹̫늳аl(f)S18|t̖̖̖ϵеͬ܉l(wi)a(chn)̫늳
ռԺʿf70ĩ҇cHͬ_չ黯̫늳оԓ늳ؾкܸߵĹl(f)ϵ(sh)199922cm2늳صD(zhun)QЧ_(d)22
1975ꌎ_Ⱥ̫늳؏S늳칤ˇģa(chn)g늳صš̫늳صđ(yng)_ʼĿg䵽
o(j)80_ʼ̫҇늳_ʼM(jn)ѿаl(f)ڸشεչ_M(jn)չ
ݏ(qing)Bf1986Ӌίr(nng)Դ19861990߂Ӌгˡ̫늳ء}ȫ6W(xu)6о_ʼM(jn)оw늳صȵо
20o(j)80ĩ(ni)ȺM(jn)˶l̫늳a(chn)ϰ댧(do)wSļôM(jn)1MWߣa(chn)ʹЇ̫늳صa(chn)ԭĎװKWǧߣһ4.5MW@Na(chn)һֱm(x)2002꣬a(chn)tֻ2MW
90ĩڞ̫҇늳ط(wn)l(f)չ(jng)^M(jn)պل(chung)̫늳a(chn)g(sh)ˇõ(wn)l(f)չa(chn)(wn)LMˇ(ni)ЈҪИOijݏ(qing)f
1998҇_ʼP(gun)ע̫ܰl(f)늣Mһ3MWྦྷ늳ؼ(yng)ϵy(tng)ʾ(xing)Ŀ@ϢF(xin)ڵӢԴ˾ĶLBһǣ(dng)r̫ܮa(chn)I(y)l(f)չǰвʣ֮Ƽsˌ@һԴ(xing)Ŀsں˳rBȻݶȡ@(xing)Ŀ(f)ɞЇ̫ܮa(chn)I(y)һз
2001꣬oaе½10MWpߣ̫늳a(chn)@óɹ20029еµһl10MW̫늳a(chn)ʽͶa(chn)a(chn)ஔ(dng)ڴǰȫ̫늳خa(chn)Ŀһe҇cHa(chn)I(y)IJs1520051214oaе̫˾ڼ~sCȯУеµęMճҎ(gu)l(f)չġЧ(yng)Ї̫ܮa(chn)I(y)ļ(ni)̫늳صa(chn)аl(f)Ҳ?c)˿܇?/p>
Ӣ˾P(gun)ؓ(f)؟(z)˽B20031219գԓ˾(xing)Ŀʽͨ^(yn)ȫͶa(chn)a(b)̘҇I(y)a(chn)ྦྷ̫늳صĿհ
20032005꣬ښWeǵЈеºͱӢm(x)U(ku)a(chn)I(y)̫늳a(chn)ʹ̫҇늳صa(chn)ѸLĿǰ̫҇늳خa(chn)ռ翂a(chn)30%
ռԺʿָ̫҇늳P(gun)ļg(sh)аl(f)ȡһЩͻcȿ߀һЩ࣬ҪF(xin)ڼg(sh)ˮƽa(chn)I(y)Јl(f)չȷN̫늳صČ(sh)(yn)ЧʶȇҪ҇ξ衢ྦྷČ(sh)(yn)Чʷքe19.8%16.5%ķքe24.8%19.8%
ռԺʿʾ̫҇늳ܶO(sh)䶼ǏćM(jn)ڣM(fi)I(y)PYԣ҂(yng)ԓӴO(sh)аl(f)Խͳɱ
Fվb̫·
2005҇_ྦྷl(f)չĻ
ྦྷ̫늳خa(chn)I(y)ġ}ྦྷԭϵĶȱʹ̫늳صijɱӸ߲£(yn)Ƽs̫늳خa(chn)I(y)Јİl(f)չ
ྦྷԭϵM(jn)a(chn)g(sh)һֱձȎҪa(chn)ڷNNԭa(chn)̌a(chn)I(y)ַܷ(wn)ɑ]g(sh)ЈŔҪU(ku)a(chn)Ĝԣ@ЩI(y)]һЇSՓg(sh)D(zhun)
й߿Ƽ˾̎(yn)ޱʾ(ni)I(y)Ҫ[Ó˵ľ?ྚ(ni)?аl(f)ĵ·Ӵg(sh)(chung)
(yn)Bf҇ྦྷʼ1964Ǽg(sh)ˮƽҎ(gu)ģСa(chn)Ʒκĸa(chn)ɱߡ2005֮ǰ҇a(chn)ྦྷ߀꿂a(chn)0.5
ˣ2005I(y)(ni)EIλԺԺʿ(lin)й(w)ԺһݽhƉŔ(do)YѸٽa(chn)ǧĶྦྷa(chn)S(yn)fԺʿϕژI(y)l(f)ˏ(qing)ҷҲԶ҂аl(f)·ěQġ
ڴ˱ƼM(sh)ʩ863P(gun)Ӌʮһ塱֧ӋͬrҰl(f)ίM(sh)ʩˡϸg(sh)a(chn)I(y)ش(xing)@ྦྷa(chn)h(hun)(ji)شg(sh)y}(sh)ʩc(din)P(gun)ȡһϵйP(gun)ͮa(chn)I(y)ɹ֪Ra(chn)(qun)g(sh)wϵྦྷĮa(chn)I(y)l(f)չAә(qun)
2004ꖆξScЇɫO(sh)ӋԺͬMй߿аl(f)12(ji)Ͷྦྷ߀ԭtԴ˞A(ch)2005(ni)һ300ྦྷa(chn)(xing)ĿͶa(chn)Ķ_Їྦྷl(f)չĻ
(yn)f҇חla(chn)I(y)ʾһo˘I(y)(ni)ʿһ棬Ҳ(bio)־ྦྷҎ(gu)a(chn)g(sh)wϵγˇļg(sh)iЈŔ
ڶྦྷἃg(sh)ϣ҇ҲȡͻĿǰձáTӹˇἃmߣܺĴh(hun)пԺϺg(sh)F(tun)菽l(f)ˡM(jn)ἃ2007716֘Ʒ(jng)ձyȸ_(d)5N6N̫늳صĶྦྷ較Ҫh(yun)h(yun)99.9%ԡNС(sh)c(din)9Ĕ(sh)4Nϣ늺ĺˮķքeֻСTӹˇ1/31/10
Ŀǰ(ni)^ֶྦྷa(chn)Ț蹤ˇ@NߺܹˇȻȟoȫy̎h(hun)Ⱦ(yn)2008й߿ƳГ(dn)ˇҡ863c(din)ƼP(gun)(xing)Ŀྦྷ踱a(chn)P(gun)Ig(sh)оԓ˾ͨ^аl(f)ɹ˵͜ؼӉ仯g(sh)о(yn)BfĿǰԓ(xing)Ŀѽ(jng)1000t/a2000t/aྦྷ(xing)Ŀ\(yn)Ȼ轛(jng)^״ѭh(hun)Ɍ(sh)F(xin)ȫ
ӢŹI(y)F(xin)ڲõ¹a(chn)ྦྷ蹤ˇa(chn)ɱͬИI(y)24%a(chn)ͬ30%a(chn)ƷoȾҿȫ
ռԺʿQĿǰռ(j)Ј90%ľw̫늳vD(zhun)QЧʵߺƬıͻǽͳɱҪ;
(j)ِSP(gun)O(jin)ҦBԓ˾ĹƬ160m_(d)I(lng)ȵĮa(chn)I(y)ˮƽ
2007҇ɞa(chn)̫늳ć
(yn)ľȱʹ̫ܶ늳a(chn)O(sh)̎ͣa(chn)B(ti)ϝqľrһQʳ̫늳a(chn)̵Ҿpٌهɞ̫늳I(y)òRxǾ象Ĥ̫늳S˂@yõİl(f)չC(j)
ռfĤ늳زùƬڲrrϳeĤ댧(do)wԴȽͲĺͳɱґ(yng)ԓҕĤ̫늳صо
Ĥ늳ҊǷǾ̫늳c̫ͨ늳ȣǾ̫늳سɱܺĵ͡oȾãȃHǰߵĶٷ֮һmc≦Y(ji)Ϙ(gu)ɉw̫ܰl(f)ϵy(tng)߀ԑ(yng)ڱyʽO(sh)
҇ķǶྦྷ̫늳оҲһl۵ĵ·1975_W(xu)_ʼM(jn)зǾ象Ĥ̫늳صоo(j)80҇_˾M(jn)һl1߷Ǿ̫늳a(chn)I(y)^ɹ2003ף҇Ǿ̫늳߀ֻ@һla(chn)
Ȼ߀DzЏSҳǾ̫늳I(lng)M(jn)l(f)ȡһijɹ2008걱W\(yn)gW\(yn)̫ܟˮϵy(tng)õɱF(tun)аl(f)ķǾ̫늳ؼg(sh)@N̫ܟˮԞ16800\(yn)ӆTṩϴԡˮW\(yn)ԝMs1868ˮÿɹ(ji)1000fǧߕr
F(tun)R꿱ʾ߾ȫ֪Ra(chn)(qun)ķǾ̫ܱĤ늳Ҫ䓻ԭ`ȸ܉?q)F(xin)ȫV¹Ҳճl(f)
Ǿ̫늳ث@^İl(f)չ(sh)(j)@ʾ2007ȫĤ̫늳خa(chn)2006181MW2007400MW҇2007ИI(y)ټs120%A(y)Ӌδ3(ni)ٸ_(d)100%
829(w)ԺЇԴW(xu)Lʯh(hun)ڵČþGɫؔЇՓϱʾM҇2007_ʼɞa(chn)̫늳ćc߀вٵIJࡣڸN̫늳ص_l(f)҂߀̎Aѽ(jng)˺ܴİl(f)չˣ̫҇늳صİl(f)չضh(yun)
@Ե˼Ǵ˕rҪġĿǰȫڽ(jng)vһǰδеԴ̫ҫ۵P(gun)F~^ԽЇ̫늳خa(chn)I(y)ϵĭ~(sh)ԶIJ̤ǰ硶ɽĽY(ji)βԣȫǻ۶@ɂ~Уȴϣ
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1999ӢԴ˾нԭӋί(f)(xing)ġྦྷ̫늳ؼ(yng)ϵy(tng)ʾ̡(xing)Ŀ20031219ʽͨ^(yn)ȫͶa(chn)a(b)̘҇I(y)a(chn)ྦྷ̫늳صĿհס
20029oaе¹˾һl10̫늳a(chn)ʽͶa(chn)a(chn)ஔ(dng)ڴǰ4ȫ̫늳خa(chn)Ŀһe҇cHa(chn)I(y)IJs15
2004119գЇһ_12ྦྷЧ(ji)ܴ߀ԭtй߿ԇ(yn)ɹ(xing)g(sh)ָ(bio)_(d)HM(jn)ˮƽˣЇձȇŔ20Ķྦྷa(chn)ļg(sh)
2005(ni)һ300ྦྷa(chn)(xing)Ŀй轨Ͷa(chn)_Їྦྷl(f)չĻ
20051214oaе~sCȯɞЇ(ni)ڼ~еI߿ƼI(y)
2007꣬е¹˾a(chn)܌^500a(chn)^300ߣN볬^100|ԪИI(y)ڶ
2007331й߿ƳГ(dn)ć863P(gun)n}24(ji)Ͷྦྷ߀ԭtbãͨ^ƼMČ(yn)
2007716пԺϺg(sh)F(tun)аl(f)ἃa(chn)99.9999%ϼȵ̫늳عa(chn)Ʒ늺ĺˮķքeֻСTӹˇ1/31/10
20088ِSLDKʽȫ(:www.newchangjing.com ѹ Ӣ ժ:̫ꖵĚvʷ)˾̫ܶྦྷƬ(sh)Ha(chn)_(d)1000ɞȫΨһһM(jn)̫ܹИI(y)G߾㘷I(y)
2009330գеع˾ڤǼg(sh)(yng)ڤ늳a(chn)a(chn)ξͶྦྷ늳D(zhun)Qʷքes19%17%
xδ̫늳
пԺԺʿҾʾˆξྦྷǾ̫늳⣬̫늳һЩ¸½Y(ji)(gu)늳Ⱦ늳ЙC(j)Ĥ늳{Y(ji)(gu)늳ص@Щ늳δ10ꌢ(j)䷀(wn)ЧʺͳɱrȺM(jn)Ј
҇ƌW(xu)ҲһֱM(jn)̫늳صаl(f)ȡһɹ2004пԺxwоڴeȾ{ױĤ̫늳طȡһͻrH̫늳سɱ1/10ҹˇܸ(wn)ϵһڰl(f)늵500WȾ̫늳ʾϵy(tng)
ռԺʿBfЧͳɱЙC(j)/oC(j)(f)ϼ{װ댧(do)w̫늳ĿǰHǰаl(f)c(din)֮һײP䓎rԷǾ象Ĥ̫늳,p_ɏװbԼ(yng)I(lng)?q)ȶă?yu)c(din)
(j)Ϥ20095·ݣͶY˾c(lin)̫ܹ˾˺ͬͬͶYO(sh)a(chn)25ԷǾ象Ĥ̫늳(xing)Ŀ
c(din)x