www.日本精品,久久中文视频,中文字幕第一页在线播放,香蕉视频免费网站,老湿机一区午夜精品免费福利,91久久综合精品国产丝袜长腿,欧美日韩视频精品一区二区

競技本質技藝論的質疑與競技技藝論的建構

發(fā)布時間:2018-06-24 來源: 歷史回眸 點擊:


  摘 要:采用歷史與邏輯相統一的視角對競技本質技藝論的理論體系提出質疑。提出了4個疑點:“游戲”概念的混亂使用;經驗歸納的研究方法論割裂了客觀事實的整體性和連續(xù)性;對競技本質游戲論的批判未能把握靜態(tài)和動態(tài)兩個層面的經驗質料;競技本質技藝論的立論混淆了技藝和游戲在競技活動中的層次。研究認為:應當剔除競技本質技藝論的本質屬性,以競技技藝論重新給技藝在競技活動中定位;研究競技本質問題還需依托游戲論作為基礎,而技藝論則應著重關注競技活動中的技術現象。
  關 鍵 詞:體育哲學;競技;本質;游戲;技藝
  中圖分類號:G80-05 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:1006-7116(2018)02-0009-08
  The questioning of the theory that the nature of competition is skill and
  the establishing of the theory that competition is skill
  ZHANG Qi1,XIA Chun2,GONG Zheng-wei1
 。1.School of Leisure Sports and Art,Shanghai Sports University,Shanghai 200438,China;
  2.School of Physical Education and Sport Training,Shanghai Sports University,Shanghai 200438,China)
  Abstract: From the perspective of history and logic unification, the authors questioned the theoretical system of the theory that the nature of competition is skill, and put forward 4 questioning points: the conception of “game” was used chaotically; the research methodology concluded based on experience separated the wholeness and continuity of objective facts; the criticism on the theory that the nature of competition is skill failed to grasp the static and dynamic essence of experience; the establishment of the theory that the nature of competition is skill mixed up the levels of skill and game in competitive activities. The authors drew the following conclusions: the nature attribute of the theory that the nature of competition is skill should be removed, while the orientation of skill in competitive activities should be reestablished based on the theory that competition is skill; studying the issue about the nature of competition still need to be carried out based on the game theory, while the skill theory should focus more on technical phenomena in competitive activities.
  Key words: sports philosophy;competition;nature;game;skill
  《體育學刊》于2010開始,相繼刊登了數篇關于競技本質游戲論和競技本質技藝論的文章。競技本質屬性的歸屬,關乎到如何構建體育理論和開展體育實踐活動等重要問題。在經歷了訓練比賽說、活動說、身體活動說、社會實踐說、游戲說和雙重本質說之后,張軍獻[1]提出“我們仍然需要將競技的目的與手段統一起來,尋找競技的本質,而不是停留在雙重本質或者多本質的階段”。劉欣然[2]提出的競技本質技藝論認為:“在原初的性質上,游戲產生于天性和本能,競技源自于練習和習慣,這呈現出兩個不同性質和方向,兩者雖然在某些性質上具有同一性,但卻可以確定為不同的事物……”,將競技本質的討論由游戲轉向了技藝。陳璐[3]在與劉欣然的商榷中提出:“國內學者不求甚解引入西方的游戲理論,忽視作為sport概念基礎的play與game研究,對二者不加區(qū)分胡亂翻譯,必將導致競技和游戲研究更加混亂!
  競技本質的爭論衍生了相異的競技內涵。張軍獻[1]提出,人本性、參與性、文化性、身體性4種要素是競技的主要內涵。人本性規(guī)定了競技活動必須由人來實踐;參與性指運動者的直接參與;文化性強調不同文化背景下對競技屬性認識的差異問題;身體性規(guī)定了競技活動專屬的大肌肉活動的類型。劉欣然[4]提出,競技的內涵包括彰顯人類潛能、遵守競技規(guī)則、體現競技勇敢。陳璐[3]則認為,游戲性和身體性是最能準確表達競技內涵的兩個屬性。競技必然帶有游戲的屬性;身體性則是社會學家、文化學者研究游戲問題的先決條件。

相關熱詞搜索:技藝 競技 建構 質疑 本質

版權所有 蒲公英文摘 www.newchangjing.com