作為民俗文化的代表,楊家埠年畫開辟了民俗文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的新路。年畫收藏圈的不斷升溫、“非遺”帶動的產(chǎn)業(yè)效應(yīng)、旅游創(chuàng)造的新奇跡⋯⋯楊家埠年畫給經(jīng)濟建設(shè)和發(fā)展帶來了新的增長點。
　　
　　“世上先有楊家埠,后來才生灶王爺。”流傳民間的這句俗語雖然有些夸張,但楊家埠村生產(chǎn)的《灶王圖》卻實實在在與百姓人家有著極深的緣分。每到農(nóng)歷年底,人們把散著墨香的新灶王“請”進家,然后將老灶王“送”上天,并拜托其上天言好事,以保下界全年平安。這種習俗已延續(xù)多久無法考究,可位于濰坊市寒亭區(qū)的楊家埠村,卻是自古就因出產(chǎn)年畫而舉世聞名的。
　　楊家埠,坐落在山東濰坊東北方向的一個小村莊,因為木版年畫而名聲大噪。
　　目前,楊家埠有40多家個體企業(yè),主要生產(chǎn)年畫和風箏。走進楊家埠,潔凈的馬路兩側(cè)是新建的明清式民居,統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃成四合院結(jié)構(gòu),臨街的門面店多半在出售年畫。在一片整齊的院落中隱約坐落著幾家“老字號”,外觀的裝飾已經(jīng)看不出房屋的年代久遠,但是屋內(nèi)還留存著舊時的古樸。據(jù)介紹,截至2008年年底,楊家埠村的年畫和風箏年產(chǎn)值達到1.3億元。而在濰坊市寒亭區(qū),各種“非遺”相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)業(yè)戶達到了400余家,產(chǎn)值近2億元。
　　年畫作為傳統(tǒng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)過去面向的消費群基本都在農(nóng)村。舊時,年畫幾乎貼遍了家里的每一個地方:院門有門神,家門有財神,堂屋有中堂,墻上有墻畫,床上有床畫,灶上有灶王爺?shù)漠?牛欄馬廄都不能落下。各類年畫各就各位,絕不含糊。然而,現(xiàn)在的農(nóng)家,已鮮見這種情景。藝術(shù)品收藏是目前楊家埠年畫銷路中最重要的一個方面。紛至沓來的年畫訂單多數(shù)來自一些收藏愛好者。
　　不過,近年來,濰坊年畫銷售的渠道也多了起來。據(jù)楊家埠木版年畫研究所的負責人介紹,楊家埠年畫大多采用對比色,以紅、黃、綠、紫、粉紅、金黃等原色為主,畫面熱烈、鮮艷。舊時被煙熏黑的農(nóng)家房墻貼上年畫后,紅紅綠綠,確實非常能增加節(jié)日的氣氛。而現(xiàn)代人尤其是城里人過年也會買些年畫回去增添年味。之所以這樣,除了有懷舊的心理,可能也因為年畫是傳統(tǒng)中國年的標志性符號,通過張貼年畫營造過年的氣氛,是一種向傳統(tǒng)回歸、致敬的心態(tài)。
　　除此,當?shù)卣�在恢復(fù)這里年畫之鄉(xiāng)的風貌上大做文章。他們把過去散落民間的古代畫版發(fā)掘出來,并將原國家和集體的畫版,無論完缺皆集中保管。在此基礎(chǔ)上將畫版分類、編號,按不同規(guī)格進行整理,為正在進行的民俗學、美術(shù)史研究提供系統(tǒng)的資料。為使這個文化古村更加生輝,村里在保留并維護好現(xiàn)存古民宅的前提下,新建民房全部納入正式規(guī)劃,同時整修街道,擴建作坊,還建起一處古色古香的博物館、一家中國規(guī)模最大的風箏藝品廠、一個專為參觀者、游人提供方便的接待處⋯⋯
　　而日前投資100多萬元新建成的面積600多平方米的“楊家埠風箏博物館”是楊家埠將科技與傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)結(jié)合的明證。館內(nèi)7大類數(shù)百個品種的風箏展示在人們的眼前,同時利用了聲、光、電和多媒體技術(shù),向人們講述了楊家埠風箏600多年悠久的歷史。
　　楊家埠通過旅游業(yè)成功的帶動了年畫的發(fā)展。寒亭區(qū)政府先后投資5000多萬元建立了楊家埠民俗旅游開發(fā)區(qū),重建了明清古建筑一條街。與此同時,楊家埠村也恢復(fù)成家家戶戶青磚黑瓦的四合院民居。古槐蒼郁,庭院幽幽,大紅燈籠高高掛,每戶的黑漆大門上,長年貼著色彩艷麗的神荼、郁壘門神。木版年畫的存在環(huán)境由此確立起來。漸漸地,年畫的藝術(shù)價值借助旅游重塑金身。有些韓國、新加坡游客,一次就買走上百幅年畫。一些旅游團體,最多一次能購買10萬元的年畫。上世紀90年代初,這兒每年的國內(nèi)外游客只有2萬來人,而近幾年,已達50萬人。這些游客,來楊家埠不僅能看到古色古香的明清山東民居,還能親眼目睹木版年畫生產(chǎn)的全過程。
　　據(jù)統(tǒng)計,楊家埠年產(chǎn)2000多萬幅年畫,年銷售收入1億多元,而50多萬人的中外游客是消費主體。旅游是年畫產(chǎn)業(yè)得以發(fā)展的載體,而年畫賦予民俗旅游以魂魄。
　　楊家埠村的名氣越來越大了�，F(xiàn)在到楊家埠,一入濰坊市境內(nèi)的高速公路,便能收到“歡迎到楊家埠年畫產(chǎn)地旅游”的手機短信。而當?shù)卮_實是在把年畫作為一個品牌全方位地經(jīng)營,從市場到營銷、從特色保持到產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新,無一不然�，F(xiàn)在,隨著現(xiàn)代市場意識的介入、品牌和產(chǎn)業(yè)層次的提升,楊家埠年畫開拓了更大的市場。
　　如今的楊家埠,更是人才輩出,畫店興隆。這個不足300戶人家的小村,年產(chǎn)量達2000多萬張。從事年畫生產(chǎn)的家庭畫店已達200多家,有700多人長年在畫案前忙碌,許多人成了技藝超群的年畫大師。他們有的去京城舉辦畫展,有的被邀請去國外進行表演,還有的竟站到了藝術(shù)院校的講臺上⋯⋯
　　作為民俗文化的代表,楊家埠年畫開辟了民俗文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的新路,給經(jīng)濟建設(shè)和發(fā)展帶來新的增長點。
　　
　　Yangjiabu is a small village located to the northeast of Weifang City, Shandong Province, which is famous for its New Year woodcut paintings.
　　At present, Yangjiabu has more than 40 privately-run enterprises involved in the production of New Year woodcut paintings and kites. Entering Yangjiabu, one will see the newly constructed residences in the ancient style of the Ming and Qing dynasties along the clean streets, all of which are in quadrangle courtyards. Most residences facing the streets have New Year paintings for sale. Among the courtyards, there are several shops with a long history. Although nobody can tell how long these courtyards have been in existence by looking at their external appearances, the indoor decorations retain the ancient styles. By the end of 2008, the output value of New Year paintings and kites from Yangjiabu had hit 130 million yuan.
　　Yangjiabu is getting more and more famous. As you travel to Yangjiabu, once your car enters the expressway in the territory of Weifang, your mobile phone will automatically receive the short message: “Welcome to tour Yangjiabu, the production area of New Year paintings.” The local people are making all efforts to operate the New Year paintings as a famous brand in full swing. From markets to marketing sales, and from maintaining the special characteristics to products innovation, with the introduction of modern marketing ideas and upgrading the industrial level, the New Year paintings of Yangjiabu are embarking upon a wider market.
　　Nowadays, with fewer than 300 households in the village, Yangjiabu can turn out more than 20 million New Year paintings every year. More than 200 households are engaged in the production of New Year paintings. Among the 700 people engaged in this business, many have become great masters. Some have been invited to host painting exhibitions in Beijing, some have been invited to launch performances abroad, and some have been invited to deliver lectures at art colleges.

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：年畫 之路 楊家 楊家埠的年畫產(chǎn)業(yè)之路 楊家埠年畫批發(fā) 山東楊家埠年畫