[摘要]通過苦杏仁走油前后的質(zhì)量比較，探討苦杏仁走油變質(zhì)現(xiàn)象的感官判別及其物質(zhì)內(nèi)涵。該研究對苦杏仁樣品走油前后的脂肪油含量、酸值、過氧化值進(jìn)行了測定，并采用HPLC，GCMS分別檢測了苦杏仁苷、苦杏仁脂肪酸等。利用電子感官儀器（色度儀、電子鼻）量化并對比苦杏仁樣品走油前后的顏色、氣味；同時(shí)與上述結(jié)果作相關(guān)性分析。結(jié)果顯示苦杏仁走油后顏色由黃白變棕黃，出現(xiàn)酸味；苦杏仁苷含量下降，酸值、過氧化值顯著增高，脂肪酸成分發(fā)生變化；藥材的外表特征與內(nèi)在質(zhì)量的變化具有顯著相關(guān)性。 “感官分析質(zhì)量鑒別系統(tǒng)” 能為預(yù)測中藥化學(xué)成分的含量、初步判斷中藥優(yōu)劣及質(zhì)量實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測提供一定科學(xué)依據(jù)；為中藥貯藏的“事先預(yù)測、事中干預(yù)、事后鑒別”提供新的思路與參考。
　　[關(guān)鍵詞] 苦杏仁； 走油； 辨狀論質(zhì)； 電子鼻； 色度儀； 質(zhì)量評價(jià)； GCMS
　　Rancidness of Armeniacae Semen Amarum involving Bianzhuang Lunzhi
　　GONG Jianting1， ZHAO Liying1， Rudolf Bauer2， MI Wenjuan1， LI Yang1，
　　LI Jiahui1， REN Zhiyu1， XU Dong1， ZHAO Ting1*， YAN Yonghong1*
　�。�1School of Chinese Pharmacy， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing 100102， China；
　　2Institute of Pharmaceutical Science， University of Graz， Graz 8010， Austria）
　　[Abstract]This article aims to compare the qualities of Armeniacae Semen Amarum before and after rancidness， in order to study the rancidness of Armeniacae Semen Amarum In the experiment， content of fatty oil， acid value and peroxide value were determined before and after rancidness，respectively Meanwhile， HPLC， GCMS were utilized to analyze laetrile and fatty acid components Besides， colorimeter and enose were introduced to quantify and compare "color and odor" A correlation analysis was conducted on the above results The results showed that color of postrancidness Armeniacae Semen Amarum changed from yellow to brown， with sour and lower content of laetrile On the contrary， acid and peroxide values increased significantly， with changes in fatty acid component There was a considerable correlation between appearance characteristics and changes in internal quality The "sensory analysisquality identification system" can provide a certain scientific basis for prediction of the content of chemical components in traditional Chinese medicine， preliminary judgment of quality of traditional Chinese medicine and realtime quality monitoring， which offers us novel ideas and reference for storage principles of traditional Chinese medicines of "preevent prediction， duringevent intervention and postevent identification"
　　[Key words]Armeniacae Semen Amarum； rancidness； Bianzhuang Lunzhi； electronic nose； colorimeter； quality evaluation； GCMS
　　doi：10.4268/cjcmm20162314
　　優(yōu)質(zhì)、穩(wěn)定、可控的中藥質(zhì)量是中醫(yī)臨床療效及公共衛(wèi)生安全的重要保障，貯藏是否得當(dāng)與藥材質(zhì)量密切相關(guān)。“走油”也是中成藥、中藥飲片普遍存在的變質(zhì)現(xiàn)象之一，走油飲片，輕者藥性散失、降低療效，重者產(chǎn)生毒性、危及生命。苦杏仁富含脂肪油，是易“走油”變質(zhì)中藥飲片的典型代表�！吨袊幍洹芬�(guī)定其來源是薔薇科植物山杏Prunus armeniaca L var ansu Maxim、西伯利亞杏P sibirica L、東北杏P mandshurica （Maxim） Koehne或杏P armeniaca L的干燥成熟種子[1]；始載于《神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)》，為傳統(tǒng)的止咳平喘藥物，2015年版《中國藥典》收載含苦杏仁的制劑達(dá)88種之多。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：苦杏仁 藥材 看中 辨狀論質(zhì)