SPAD值與鮮煙葉成熟度及烤后煙葉質(zhì)量的關(guān)系
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-26 來源: 感悟愛情 點(diǎn)擊:
摘要:為探索快速、無損判斷鮮煙葉成熟度的量化指標(biāo),以秦?zé)?6為試驗(yàn)材料,應(yīng)用葉綠素測(cè)定儀測(cè)定了各部位不同成熟度鮮煙葉SPAD值,并對(duì)相應(yīng)烤后煙葉的經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀、外觀質(zhì)量、化學(xué)成分、感官評(píng)吸質(zhì)量進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明,SPAD值能夠較靈敏地區(qū)分煙葉黃綠面積10%~20%的差異,且與煙葉成熟度呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,可較好地表示煙葉成熟度。綜合烤后煙葉各項(xiàng)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),下、中、上3個(gè)部位煙葉適宜成熟度對(duì)應(yīng)的鮮煙葉SPAD值分別為8.6~11.4、17.9~18.6和13.2~20.3,SPAD值可作為成熟度的快速判定量化指標(biāo),用于指導(dǎo)煙葉適熟采收。
關(guān)鍵詞:烤煙;SPAD值;成熟度;煙葉質(zhì)量
中圖分類號(hào):S572.01文章編號(hào):1007-5119(2016)02-0042-05DOI:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2016.02.008
Abstract:The experiments were conducted to develop a fast, non-destructive method to judgethe maturity of fresh tobacco leaves usinga chlorophyll meter. The tobacco cultivar Qinyan 96 was used in this experiment. The SPAD values of fresh tobacco leaves with different maturity and the economic characters, appearance quality, chemical composition and sensory evaluation of flue-cured tobacco leaves were evaluated and comparedto study the relationship of SPAD values and the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The results showed that, SPAD valuescould effectively distinguish the difference between yellow green area of 10%-20% of fresh tobacco leaves,and was negatively correlated with tobacco maturity. Corresponding to themost appropriate maturity of flue-cured tobacco leavesof three parts from bottom to top, the SPAD values were 8.6-11.4,17.9-18.6 and 13.2-20.3 respectively.The results provide a method for rapid and nondestructive judgment of picking maturity of tobacco leaves.
Keywords: flue-cured tobacco; SPAD value; maturity; quality of tobacco leaves
葉綠素儀是測(cè)定植物葉綠素含量的一種便攜式儀器,具有快速、便捷和無損傷檢測(cè)優(yōu)勢(shì),已廣泛應(yīng)用于水稻、玉米、小麥和煙草等作物[1-2]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),SPAD值與葉綠素含量正相關(guān),較好地反映了煙葉采收成熟度[3-6]。成熟度對(duì)煙葉質(zhì)量起關(guān)鍵作用[7-10],成熟采收對(duì)煙葉質(zhì)量的貢獻(xiàn)占整個(gè)烤煙生產(chǎn)技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)的1/3左右[11-13]。盡管SPAD值與葉綠素含量的關(guān)系,以及采收成熟度的判斷指標(biāo)已開展了大量的研究[14-20],但依據(jù)烤后煙質(zhì)量得出的確定適宜的SPAD值的研究少有報(bào)道。本試驗(yàn)測(cè)定不同成熟度煙葉的SPAD值,研究SPAD值與不同成熟度烤后煙葉質(zhì)量關(guān)系,以確定適宜采收成熟度對(duì)應(yīng)的SPAD值,為量化煙葉適宜采收成熟度提供快速、無損檢測(cè)技術(shù)提供依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1試驗(yàn)地點(diǎn)與供試材料
試驗(yàn)安排在甘肅省隴南市徽縣栗川鄉(xiāng)耿寺村,供試品種為秦?zé)?6,土壤類型紅黏土,土壤肥力中等,施氮量75kg/hm2,m(N):m(P2O5):m(K2O)=
1:1.5:2。移栽密度為行距125cm,株距60cm。選取大田管理規(guī)范,長(zhǎng)勢(shì)均勻的下(3~5葉位)、中(9~11葉位)、上(15~17葉位)3個(gè)部位煙葉進(jìn)行研究。
1.2試驗(yàn)處理
每部位煙葉成熟度按煙葉黃綠面積百分?jǐn)?shù)從低到高劃分11個(gè)檔次,即葉面黃綠色面積0%、10%、20%、······100%,每檔次選取3片煙葉測(cè)SPAD值。
按下、中、上3個(gè)部位,每個(gè)部位由低到高各設(shè)3個(gè)成熟度處理,分別為M1、M2、M3,共計(jì)9個(gè)處理(表1),每一處理選300片按照當(dāng)?shù)孛芗婵竟に囘M(jìn)行烘烤。
1.3 測(cè)定項(xiàng)目與方法
1.3.1 SPAD值測(cè)定選取煙葉主脈對(duì)稱兩側(cè)的葉尖、葉中、葉基6個(gè)點(diǎn)為測(cè)定位置,以葉綠素儀502PLUS測(cè)定的SPAD值的加權(quán)平均值為該片煙葉的SPAD值。
1.3.2 經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀調(diào)查根據(jù)國(guó)標(biāo)GB2635—92對(duì)烤后煙葉進(jìn)行分級(jí),統(tǒng)計(jì)等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)和均價(jià)?竞鬅熛、中、上3個(gè)部位去青去雜后分別取混合樣2kg,以備外觀鑒定、化學(xué)成分檢測(cè)和感官評(píng)吸。
1.3.3 外觀鑒定專家根據(jù)烤煙國(guó)標(biāo)GB2635-92以顏色、成熟度、結(jié)構(gòu)、身份、油分、色度6項(xiàng)指標(biāo)作為烤后煙外觀質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:煙葉 成熟度 關(guān)系 質(zhì)量 SPAD
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