摘    要：針對(duì)當(dāng)前工業(yè)企業(yè)對(duì)葉片結(jié)構(gòu)需求由提高大片率向提高中片率的轉(zhuǎn)變，從改變工藝設(shè)備途徑、調(diào)整打葉復(fù)烤工藝參數(shù)、改造相關(guān)設(shè)備3個(gè)方面對(duì)調(diào)控打葉復(fù)烤葉片結(jié)構(gòu)的措施進(jìn)行了綜述，認(rèn)為當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)復(fù)烤企業(yè)對(duì)控制大片率，穩(wěn)定提高中片率研究仍處在持續(xù)探索階段，實(shí)現(xiàn)打葉復(fù)烤葉片結(jié)構(gòu)及片型的可調(diào)、可控還缺乏系統(tǒng)的科學(xué)研究，考慮到復(fù)烤企業(yè)為工業(yè)企業(yè)提供加工服務(wù)存在局限性，提出了復(fù)烤企業(yè)與工業(yè)企業(yè)合作建立區(qū)域加工中心或打葉復(fù)烤研究平臺(tái)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室或工作站，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)由“委托加工”向“精益控制”轉(zhuǎn)變，以確保卷煙品牌原料加工水平的提高。
　　關(guān)鍵詞：煙葉;打葉復(fù)烤;片煙結(jié)構(gòu);質(zhì)量
　　中圖分類號(hào)：S572          文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A          DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2019.04.011
　　Optimize Measures for the Tobacco Leaf Structure after Threshing and Redrying
　　WANG Pengze1， DANG Xia1， LI Yanzhou2， LYU Yaoyin2， CHEN Xi1， JIA Tao1
　�。�1. Tianchang International Tobacco Company Limited， Tianchang Redrying Factory， Xuchang， Henan 461000， China;2. Tianchang International Tobacco Company Limited， Xuchang， Henan 461000， China）
　　Abstract：  In view of the current industrial enterprise demand changes from raising the large leaf structure percentage to improving the middle leaf structure percentage， the paper reviewed the measures and approaches that could regulate the leaf structure after threshing and redrying from changing the process equipment， adjusting the technical parameters， and technological transformation of equipment. It was considered that the current domestic re-roasting enterprises were still in the continuous exploration stage for controlling the large leaf structure percentage and stably improving the medium leaf structure percentage， and the systematic scientific studies on realizing the adjustable， controllable structure and shape of the leaf after threshing and redrying still had shortcomings. Thus， the paper proposed that the redrying companies cooperated with industrial companies to establish regional processing centers or threshing research platforms， laboratories or workstations， striving to achieve the transformation from "consigned processing" to "lean control"， to ensure the improvement of the processing level of cigarette brand raw materials.
　　Key words：tobacco; threshing and redrying; tobacco leaf structure; quality
　　打葉復(fù)烤是連接原煙和卷煙生產(chǎn)的重要中間生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)[1-3]，其加工質(zhì)量的優(yōu)劣直接影響著后續(xù)卷煙產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的穩(wěn)定，關(guān)系到整個(gè)煙草加工環(huán)節(jié)健康和穩(wěn)定發(fā)展[4-8]。經(jīng)過(guò)打葉復(fù)烤后的煙葉去除了雜質(zhì)，殺滅了蟲(chóng)卵，防止了煙葉原料存儲(chǔ)和醇化時(shí)發(fā)生霉變，提高了煙葉加工品質(zhì)。
　　目前，國(guó)際上打葉復(fù)烤產(chǎn)業(yè)呈現(xiàn)集中生產(chǎn)加工的特點(diǎn)，聯(lián)一公司、英美煙草公司、環(huán)球公司在巴西的加工廠的加工能力都在28 000 kg·h^-1以上，集約化規(guī)模生產(chǎn)帶來(lái)了顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益[9-13]。而國(guó)內(nèi)復(fù)烤企業(yè)以滿足工業(yè)需求為導(dǎo)向，尤其是中短支和細(xì)支煙需求量的提升與卷煙廠制絲設(shè)備的提高及加工理念的轉(zhuǎn)變，使得“降低大片率和葉含梗率，提高中片率，控制煙葉造碎”成為卷煙企業(yè)對(duì)打葉質(zhì)量提出的新要求[14-19]。國(guó)內(nèi)外研究表明，片煙尺寸的最佳范圍是10～35 mm，包括葉片結(jié)構(gòu)中全部的中等葉片及小范圍的大葉片，這個(gè)范圍內(nèi)葉片切成煙絲的成絲強(qiáng)度和填充效果最佳[20-24]。據(jù)國(guó)家煙草專賣局經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行司統(tǒng)計(jì)，2017年全年細(xì)支煙銷量達(dá)到了230.92萬(wàn)箱。因此，片煙結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo)仍是評(píng)價(jià)打葉復(fù)烤加工技術(shù)水平的硬性指標(biāo)。

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