摘 要：為探討累積運(yùn)動對肥胖機(jī)體內(nèi)臟脂肪組織慢性炎癥的影響及其機(jī)制，將8周齡SD雄性大鼠高脂膳食誘導(dǎo)肥胖，成模大鼠隨機(jī)分為高脂安靜組（B）、普食安靜組（C）、持續(xù)運(yùn)動組（D）、中強(qiáng)度累積運(yùn)動組（E）和高強(qiáng)度累積運(yùn)動組（F），每組8只，運(yùn)動組大鼠喂以普食，設(shè)正常體質(zhì)量普食安靜組（A，6只）。運(yùn)動組進(jìn)行8周跑臺訓(xùn)練（0?，5 d/周）。D組跑速20 m/min （1～4周）和25 m/min（5～8周），60 min/次，1次/d。E組跑速與D組相同，12 min/次，5次/d，間歇60 min；F組跑速40 m/min（1～4周）和42 m/min（5～8周），6 min/次，5次/d，間歇60 min。各運(yùn)動組跑動總距離相等。肥胖成模時(shí)和末次訓(xùn)練后48 h，檢測體脂百分?jǐn)?shù)、血脂、脂肪組織炎癥指標(biāo)和巨噬細(xì)胞M1及M2表型。結(jié)果：（1）肥胖大鼠呈現(xiàn)血脂紊亂，內(nèi)臟脂肪組織巨噬細(xì)胞M1表型和M2表型極化失衡并呈慢性炎癥狀態(tài)。（2） 8周運(yùn)動干預(yù)，3種方案均可控重減脂，改善血脂紊亂和內(nèi)臟脂肪巨噬細(xì)胞極化失衡，緩解慢性炎癥狀態(tài)。（3）對肥胖大鼠控重減脂效果由強(qiáng)至弱為：持續(xù)運(yùn)動、高強(qiáng)度累積運(yùn)動、中強(qiáng)度累積運(yùn)動。（4）對肥胖大鼠脂肪組織巨噬細(xì)胞極化的調(diào)節(jié)效應(yīng)由強(qiáng)至弱為：中強(qiáng)度累積運(yùn)動、持續(xù)運(yùn)動、高強(qiáng)度累積運(yùn)動。結(jié)果說明規(guī)律的累積運(yùn)動可有效降低肥胖機(jī)體的體脂、改善血脂代謝、降低脂肪組織慢性炎癥水平，其機(jī)制可能與調(diào)節(jié)內(nèi)臟脂肪組織巨噬細(xì)胞極化有關(guān)。累積運(yùn)動利于打破久坐生活方式，其與持續(xù)運(yùn)動結(jié)合可能對健康干預(yù)的效果更全面。
　　關(guān) 鍵 詞：運(yùn)動醫(yī)學(xué)；肥胖；累積運(yùn)動；巨噬細(xì)胞極化；大鼠
　　中圖分類號：G804.5 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號：1006-7116（2018）02-0135-10
　　Effects of accumulated exercise on the polarization of macrophages in
　　visceral adipose tissue of obese rats
　　FAN Jin-qin1，2，ZHANG Li-mei1，ZHANG Ya-song1，ZHANG Yu-li1，
　　SHUAI Xiang-yu1，ZHANG Long3，WANG Song-tao1
　�。�1.School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China；
　　2.School of Physical Education，Shaoguan University，Shaoguan 512005，China；
　　3.School of Physical Education，Liupanshui Normal University，Liupanshui 553004，China）
　　Abstract： In order to probe into the effects of accumulated exercise on the chronic inflammation of visceral adipose tissue of obese rats and the affecting mechanism， the authors randomly divided 8-week old male SD rats， which were obesity induced with high fat diet and model established， into a high fat diet control group （B）， an ordinary diet control group （C）， a continuous exercise group （D）， a medium intensity accumulated exercise group （E） ， and a high intensity accumulated exercise group （F）， each of which contains 8 rats， fed the rats in the exercise groups with ordinary diet， and set a normal body mass ordinary diet control group （A）， which contains 6 rats. The exercise groups carried out 8-week treadmill training （0°， 5 d/w）. Group D’s running speeds were 20 m/min （week 1-4） and 25 m/min （week 5-8）， 60 min/times， 1 times/d. Group E’s running speeds were the same as group D’s， 12 min/times， 5 times/d， interval 60 min； Group F’s running speeds were 40 m/min （week 1-4） and 42 m/min （week 5-8）， 6 min/times， 5 times/d， interval 60 min. All the exercise groups had the same total running distance. The authors measured body fat percentage， blood fat， adipose tissue inflammation index and macrophages M1 and M2 phenotypes at obesity model establishment and 48 h after the last training. Results： 1） the obese rats showed a blood fat disorder， the polarization of macrophages M1 and M2 phenotypes in visceral adipose tissue was unbalanced and showed a chronic inflammation condition； 2） in 8 weeks of exercise intervention， all the 3 plans can control weight， reduce fat， improve blood fat disorder and the unbalance of polarization of macrophages in visceral fat， and relieve the chronic inflammation condition； 3） the effects of weight control and fat reduction on the obese rats from strong to weak were as follows： continuous exercise， high intensity accumulated exercise， medium intensity accumulated exercise； 4） the effects of regulation on the polarization of macrophages in visceral adipose tissue of the obese rats from strong to weak were as follows： medium intensity accumulated exercise， continuous exercise， high intensity accumulated exercise. The results indicate that regular accumulated exercise can effectively reduce an obese body’s fat， improve blood fat metabolism， reduce the level of chronic inflammation of adipose tissue， its mechanism may be related to regulating the polarization of macrophages in visceral adipose tissue. Accumulated exercise is conducive to breaking the sedentary lifestyle， and its combination with continuous exercise may have a more comprehensive effect on health intervention.

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：極化 內(nèi)臟 肥胖 脂肪 累積