[摘要] 目的 應(yīng)用生理性海鹽水鼻腔沖洗治療新生兒鼻塞，并與體位療法比較，觀察該方法對(duì)于緩解新生兒鼻塞的療效。方法 方便選取于2016年2月—2016年7月在該院產(chǎn)科分娩的單純性鼻塞新生兒53例，隨機(jī)分為觀察組與對(duì)照組，觀察組28例，對(duì)照組25例，觀察組應(yīng)用生理性海鹽水鼻腔沖洗，對(duì)照組使用體位療法，比較2組治療方法對(duì)于緩解新生兒鼻塞的療效。結(jié)果 觀察組鼻塞緩解25例，總有效率89.29%；對(duì)照組鼻塞緩解11例，總有效率為44.00%。觀察組總有效率顯著高于對(duì)照組（χ2=10.440， P=0.001）。結(jié)論 該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)生理性海鹽水鼻腔沖洗治療新生兒鼻塞療效顯著優(yōu)于體位療法，對(duì)于改善新生兒氣道通暢有較好的臨床療效。
　　[關(guān)鍵詞] 新生兒；鼻塞；生理性海鹽水；鼻腔沖洗；體位療法
　　[中圖分類號(hào)] R47 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742（2018）01（c）-0089-03
　　[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to compare the therapy application of physiological saline nasal irrigation with the position therapy to the neonatal nasal obstruction， and observe the curative effect of this methods to alleviate the neonatal nasal obstruction. Methods 53 neonatal cases with nasal obstruction born in this hospital from February 2016 to July 2016 were convenient selected. They were devided into observation group and control group ramdonly， and there were 28 cases in the observation group and 25 cases in the control group. Physiological saline nasal irrigation was used in the observation group， while postural therapy was applied in the control group. Then compared the efficacy of the two groups to relieve the neonatal nosal congestion. Results The nasal obstruction remission of 25 cases in the observation group， the total effective rate was 89.29%； and the number in the control group was 11 cases， and its effective rate was 44.00%. The effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than the control group （χ2=10.440， P=0.001）. Conclusion In this research， it was founded that the efficay of physiological saline nasal irrigation for the treatment of neonatal nasal obstruction was much better than position therapy， and it had better clinical curative effect to improve neonatal airway patency.
　　[Key words] Neonate； Nasal obstruction； Physiological sea salt water； Nasal irrigation； Position therapy
　　新生兒離開溫暖的母體之后，在干燥寒冷的環(huán)境中非常容易發(fā)生鼻塞。鼻塞所致的呼吸不暢可引發(fā)一系列癥狀：哭鬧、煩躁不安、無法安睡及吃奶困難，而為改善通氣以張口呼吸作為代償，又可引起咽干、咳嗽甚至增加呼吸道感染的幾率。有學(xué)者報(bào)道，新生兒鼻塞為上呼吸道不暢中最常見的病因，占70%～75%[1]。臨床上常用改變體位來緩解新生兒鼻塞[2]，但療效欠佳，因此，研究一種新型緩解新生兒鼻塞的治療方法十分必要。目前，應(yīng)用生理性海鹽水鼻腔沖洗治療新生兒鼻塞與體位療法比較尚未見報(bào)道。為明確該方法對(duì)于治療新生兒鼻塞的療效，該研究方便選取2016年2月—2016年7月在該院產(chǎn)科分娩的單純性鼻塞新生兒53例進(jìn)行了臨床分析。
　　1 對(duì)象與方法
　　1.1 研究對(duì)象
　　方便選取在該院分娩的鼻塞新生兒53例，其中男30例，女23例，孕周36～<42周，出生體重2 500～4 000 g 。將其隨機(jī)分為觀察組與對(duì)照組。觀察組28例，其中男16例，女12例，日齡0.5～3 d，平均日齡（1.1±0.3）d，病程0.5～12 h，平均病程（2.1±0.2）h；對(duì)照組25例，男14例，女11例，日齡0.4～3 d，平均日齡（1.2±0.4）d；病程0.4～10 h，平均病程（1.9±0.3）h。53例新生兒的病情均符合《實(shí)用新生兒學(xué)》中規(guī)定的新生兒鼻塞的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。兩組患兒在年齡、性別、病程及鼻塞程度上比較，差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），具有可比性。

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