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微生物肥對煙葉生長及產質量的影響

發(fā)布時間:2019-08-25 來源: 短文摘抄 點擊:

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  摘要 [目的]為了驗證微生物肥在煙草上的作用。[方法]采用田間試驗的方法,研究煙草專用復合微生物肥對煙株生長發(fā)育、煙葉產質量等方面的影響。[結果] 與對照相比,施用煙草專用復合微生物肥1 200和1 800 kg/hm2處理均可促進煙株移栽后50 d前的生長,經濟性狀增加。煙草專用復合微生物肥處理可以增加煙葉的總糖、還原糖、煙堿、糖堿比,降低煙葉的總氮、氮堿比,糖堿比、氮堿比更趨協調。施1 200 kg/hm2煙草專用復合微生物肥處理中部煙葉有香氣量增加、雜氣和刺激性減輕的趨勢;施1 800 kg/hm2煙草專用復合微生物肥處理上部煙葉有雜氣和刺激性減輕、余味變舒適的趨勢。[結論] 在廣東南雄煙區(qū)沙泥田施用定型煙草專用復合微生物肥有促進生長、提高產量和改善煙葉內在質量的趨勢。
  關鍵詞 微生物肥;煙葉生長;產質量
  中圖分類號 S144 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2015)33-192-03
  Effects of Microfertilizer on Growth, Yield and Quality of Tobacco Leaves
  FU Xianzhong1, YE Xiaoqing2, CHEN Yufeng2
 。1.Nanxiong Science Institute of Guangdong Tobacco, Nanxiong, Guangdong 512400; 2. Shenzhen Tobacco Industry Co., LTD, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000)
  Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to verify the effects of microfertilizer on the tobacco. [Method] With the field trial, the effects of tobacco compound microfertilizer on the growth, yield and quality of the tobacco leaves were studied. [Result] Compared with the control, 1 200 kg/hm2 and 1 800 kg/hm2 tobacco compound microfertilizer could promote the growth before 50 days of tobacco transplantation and increase the economic traits. The treatments could increase the tobacco total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine and ratio of sugar and alkali, decrease the total nitrogen and ratio of nitrogen and alkali, and ratio of sugar and alkali and ratio of nitrogen and alkali became more coordinate. 1 200 kg/hm2 tobacco compound microfertilizer had the trend of the increase of aroma amount and the decrease of offensive odor and irritation in the middle section. 1 800 kg/hm2 tobacco compound microfertilizer had the trend of the decrease of offensive odor and irritation and remaining taste were becoming comfortable. [Conclusion] In sandymuddy field of Nanxiong tobacco area, Guangdong Province, the tobacco compound microfertilizer can promote the growth, increase the yield and improve the inherent quality of tobacco leaves.
  Key words Microfertilizer; Growth of tobacco leaves; Yield and quality
  生態(tài)條件中的土壤因素對煙葉香氣質、香氣量有重要影響。如何充分利用土壤資源中土壤母質(磷、鉀、鈣、鎂等元素)來提高煙葉品質,便是重要的研究領域[1]。近年來,有益微生物(肥料、菌)在煙草上的應用研究日益增多。煙田施用復合(混合)微生物肥料,利用固氮、解磷、解鉀菌的生命活動,增加土壤有效養(yǎng)分,提高煙草營養(yǎng),可以充分利用土壤資源,提高煙葉品質。在廣東南雄煙區(qū),以煙農常用的有機肥為對照,筆者開展了煙草專用復合微生物肥不同施用量試驗,研究其對煙株生長發(fā)育、煙葉產質量等方面的影響,為煙葉生產推廣煙草專用復合微生物肥提供參考依據。
  1 材料與方法
  1.1 試驗材料
  2014年,試驗安排在深圳煙草工業(yè)有限公司廣東省南雄市湖口基地單元科技示范園。供試土壤類型為沙泥田,pH 5.63,有機質2.449%,全氮0.137%,全磷0.046%,全鉀0.965%,水解氮132 mg/kg,速效磷25.6 mg/kg,速效鉀49.5 mg/kg。供試烤煙品種為粵煙98,由廣東省煙草南雄科學研究所提供。煙草專用復合微生物肥由定型生產廠家提供,有機質>30%,N、P2O5、K2O總養(yǎng)分>6%;煙草專用復合肥、硝酸鉀肥、硫酸鉀采用煙草公司定配肥料;豬糞、餅肥煙農自己購買。

相關熱詞搜索:煙葉 微生物 生長 質量 影響

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