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三安生物有機(jī)肥對烤煙NC102產(chǎn)質(zhì)量及工業(yè)可用性的影響

發(fā)布時間:2019-08-23 來源: 短文摘抄 點擊:


  摘要 通過田間試驗,探討三安生物有機(jī)肥對烤煙NC102產(chǎn)質(zhì)量及工業(yè)可用性的影響。試驗結(jié)果表明:施用三安生物有機(jī)肥,可以有效促進(jìn)烤煙NC102的生長發(fā)育;顯著提高(P<0.05)平均產(chǎn)值、均價、中上等煙比例、上等煙比例以及煙葉填充性;中上部煙葉TS、RS、新植二烯、揮發(fā)性香氣物質(zhì)含量顯著增加(P<0.05),煙葉含梗率及NIC、TN含量顯著降低(P<0.05)。說明施用三安生物有機(jī)肥對烤煙NC102中上部位煙葉品質(zhì)影響較大,能顯著提高煙葉外觀質(zhì)量和經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀,改善煙葉食味,豐富煙葉香氣特征,實現(xiàn)減焦降害,其工業(yè)可用性明顯優(yōu)于常規(guī)煙葉。
  關(guān)鍵詞 烤煙;NC102;三安生物有機(jī)肥;產(chǎn)質(zhì)量;工業(yè)可用性;影響
  中圖分類號 S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A 文章編號 1007-5739(2011)21-0064-03
  Effects of Sanan Bio-organic Fertilizer on Yield,Quality and Industrial Availability of Flue-cured Tobacco NC102
  AO Jin-cheng 1 LUO Hua-yuan 2 ZHAO Jian-hua 1 ZHANG Xiao-long 1 WANG Jun-ke 1 DENG Guo-bin 1 *
 。1 Yunnan Reascend Tobacco Technology(Group).Co.,LTD,Kunming Yunnan 650106; 2 Hongyunhonghe Group)
  Abstract Effects of Sanan bio-organic fertilizer on yield quality,and industrial availability of flue-cured tobacco NC102 were studied under field conditions. The results showed that Sanan bio-organic fertilizer effectively promoted growth of flue-cured tobacco NC102 than conventional fertilization;significantly improved the value of yield,average price,ratio of quality tobacco(P<0.05);in the upper leaves,TS,RS,newly panted diene,volatile aroma substances and filling ratio significantly increased(P<0.05);rate of stem and leaf NIC,TN contents were significantly lowered(P<0.05),which illustrated that Sanan bio-organic fertilizer had greater impact on the leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco NC102 and significantly improved the appearance quality leaves and economic traits,improved eating taste,rich tobacco aroma characteristics,achieved to reduce tar and harm,the industrial availability was superior to conventional fertilization.
  Key words flue-cured tobacco;NC102;Sanan bio-organic fertilizer;yield and quality; industrial availability;effect
  近年來,化學(xué)肥料用量逐年增加,有機(jī)肥施用不足[1]。化肥的大量使用,在提高農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量的同時,導(dǎo)致土壤酸化、土壤理化性質(zhì)惡化和產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)下降,對農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境及食品安全產(chǎn)生潛在威脅。生物有機(jī)肥是有益微生物和有機(jī)肥結(jié)合形成的新型、高效、安全的微生物有機(jī)肥料[2],在很多無公害農(nóng)產(chǎn)品栽培中大量使用[3]。
  有研究表明,生物有機(jī)肥中含有抗生素,能提高作物的抗逆性和對不良環(huán)境的適應(yīng)力,降低病害發(fā)生率[4],有機(jī)肥則能改善煙葉品質(zhì),促進(jìn)糖分和芳香物質(zhì)的積累,改善食味和增加煙葉香氣[5-6],使烤后煙葉品質(zhì)得到改善,對提高中部、上部煙葉品質(zhì),促進(jìn)化學(xué)成分協(xié)調(diào)有較好的效果,可有效提高煙葉香氣質(zhì)、香氣量、減少雜氣及刺激性[7],長期施用有機(jī)肥還可以提高土壤微生物活性,促進(jìn)烤煙根系生長與代謝[8-9]。
  三安生物有機(jī)肥是一種高科技液體濃縮肥料,該肥料可利用微生物中隱性固氮基因、解磷基因、解鉀基因等多種基因,將土壤中的氮、磷、鉀釋放出來供植物利用,同時還含有調(diào)節(jié)植物生長、促進(jìn)植物體內(nèi)酶合成、提高光合作用效率、改善作物品質(zhì)的微生物及其他物質(zhì)。凌啟鴻等[10]研究表明三安生物有機(jī)肥能顯著提高水稻產(chǎn)量和安全性。關(guān)于三安生物有機(jī)肥對煙葉產(chǎn)質(zhì)量及工業(yè)可用性的影響鮮見報道,為此筆者進(jìn)行了三安生物有機(jī)肥對烤煙NC102產(chǎn)質(zhì)量及工業(yè)可用性影響研究,旨在探索和開發(fā)符合優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉生產(chǎn)專用生物有機(jī)肥,以期為生產(chǎn)綠色優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉提供參考依據(jù)。
  1 材料與方法
  1.1 供試材料
  供試烤煙品種為NC102,三安生物有機(jī)肥料由北京三安農(nóng)業(yè)科技有限公司提供。
  1.2 試驗地點

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